日本放射线科专科医师培训制度的解读和启示

Interpretation and enlightenment of the training system of radiology in Japan

日本放射线科包括放射诊断和放射治疗。日本放射线科专科医师培训制度旨在培养兼具放射诊断和放射治疗能力的医师,培养具备广博知识和专精技能,具有伦理道德、沟通交流和专业能力的专科医师。虽然中日毕业后医学教育体系并不完全对应,但仍能为我国毕业后教育体系的建设提供一定借鉴。本文解读这一培训制度的目标、实践和评价机制,对比中日放射科医师培训制度。中国放射科住院医师规范化培训(简称住培)制度具有病例资源丰富的优势,相关临床科室轮转也具有一定合理性;但目前仍然存在对住院医师科研能力要求较低、对“软素质”培养重视不足、双向选择机制不足的短板。日本放射线科专科医师培训制度可以为我国的放射科住培的改进提供借鉴,对于放射科专科医师规范化培训制度的构建具有参考意义。

The radiology department in Japan includes radiodiagnosis and radiation oncology.The training system of radiology in Japan aims to train residents into experts with both abilities of radiodiagnosis and radiation oncology and with extensive knowledge and specialized skills,as well as ethics,communication,and professional skills.Although the post-graduation medical education system between China and Japan is not completely corresponding,that in Japan can still provide some reference for the construction of post-graduation education system in China.This paper interpretates the goal,practice and evaluation of the training system,compares the radiological training systems in China and Japan.The standardized residency and fellowship training system for radiology in China has the advantage of abundant case resources,and the inclusion of clinical training has its rationality.However,this system has the shortages of relatively low request on research ability,insufficient training in"soft abilities",and lacking of two-way matching mechanism.The training system of radiology in Japan can provide reference for the improvement of the standardized residency training system,as well as standardized fellowship training system for radiology in China.