困境与破解:强制报告制度的法社会学分析——以家庭暴力侵害未成年人案件为视角

A Legal Sociology Analysis of the Dilemma Facing the Mandatory Reporting System and Its Solutions:From the Perspective of Domestic Violence Against Minors Cases

法律与社会发展不可分离。未成年人保护不仅是一个法律问题,更是一个社会问题。法律虽为社会控制的高级手段,亦不可脱离社会独自发挥作用,需与道德规范、社会价值观、文化等其他社会控制手段互为表里。从法社会学的研究视角出发,家庭暴力侵害未成年人案件强制报告制度具有多种实践价值,但该制度在一定程度上冲击了部分报告义务主体和社会公众的固有思想观念,致使部分报告义务主体履行强制报告义务缺乏精神动力,阻碍了该制度在实践中的顺利运行。应从回应社会发展需求、关注特殊群体权益保障、加强社会控制、培育和塑造现代公民等方面,借助其他社会控制手段化解思想观念冲突,破解强制报告制度的适用困境,进一步提高强制报告制度在家庭暴力侵害未成年人案件中的适用实效。

Law and social development are inseparable.The protection of minors is not only a legal issue,but also a social issue.Although law is an advanced means of social control,it should not play a role disregarding society,and needs to be combined with other social control means such as moral norms,social values and culture.From the perspective of legal sociology,the mandatory reporting system for cases of domestic violence against minors has a variety of practical value,but the system impacts the original ideas of some persons who owe the obligation to report and the public,causing their lack of motivation to fulfil the reporting obligation,hindering the smooth operation of the system in practice.In order to resolve the idea conflict,solve the application problems and improve the application effect,with the help of other social control means,social development should be responded,right-and-interest protection for special groups should be concerned,social control should be strengthened,and modern citizens should be cultivated and shaped.