283份陆地棉机采相关农艺性状的遗传多样性分析

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Machine-picked Agronomic Traits in 283 Gossypium hirsutum Samples

为了探究283份陆地棉种质资源株型和产量相关性状的遗传多样性,筛选陆地棉机采株型优异品种,对283份来自国内外的陆地棉种质资源的11个农艺性状进行相关性分析、主成分分析和聚类分析,评价各性状的遗传变异情况,利用转录组数据和KEGG通路富集对果枝长度QTL定位区间基因进行表达量分析和基因筛选。结果表明,在陆地棉11个农艺性状中,遗传多样性指数以始节高最高,为2.01;变异系数以下部果枝长度最高,且各性状之间均存在遗传多样性。聚类分析表明,283份陆地棉资源分为五类,基于棉花株型、棉花产量等表型筛选出了高产材料1份,短果枝材料14份,始节高大于25 cm的材料4份,紧凑株型材料5份,同时在果枝长度QTL区间中筛选出2个可能影响果枝长度的候选基因。

In order to explore the genetic diversity of plant type and yield related traits in 283 Gossypium hirsutum germplasm resources,and select Gossypium hirsutum machine-picketed plant types of excellent varieties,the correlation analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysis were performed on 11 agronomic traits of 283 Gossypium hirsutum germplasm resources from home and abroad,and the genetic variation of each trait was evaluated.Transcriptome data and KEGG pathway enrichment were used to analyze the gene expression and gene screening in the locational region of fruit branch length QTL.The results showed that among the 11 agronomic characters of upland cotton,the highest genetic diversity index was 2.01 at the beginning of the node.The highest coefficient of variation was found in the length of underpart fruit branches,and genetic diversity existed among all characters.The cluster analysis showed that 283 Gossypium hirsutum resources were divided into 5 groups.Based on the phenotypes of cotton plant type and cotton yield,1 high-yielding material,14 short-fruity branch materials,4 with an initial node taller than 25 cm,and 5 compact plant type materials were selected.At the same time,two candidate genes that might influence the length of fruit branch were screened out in the QTL segment of fruit branch length.