现代汉语复合词词内通感隐喻映射模型研究

A study on the mapping model of Modern Chinese lexical synaesthesia metaphor

现代汉语词汇通感隐喻映射模型一直是国内外研究的重点课题之一,前人研究鲜有在语素层面展开讨论,且较少将心理感觉纳入到通感映射模型中。本文论证了心理感觉在通感映射模型中的必要性,并据此归纳整理了《现代汉语词典》(第7版)192个形容词性通感复合词,分析了293个通感映射案例后,归纳出29种映射方式,发现汉语词汇通感隐喻系统可分为三个层级;通感映射系统整体呈现定向性,但层级间存在不同的映射规则。在此基础上,本文从语素层面出发,构建了现代汉语复合词内通感隐喻映射模型,同时区分语言通感和神经通感,并基于所构建的通感隐喻模型推导出汉语的感觉可及性顺序。不同语言感觉可及性顺序不仅进一步证明了语言之间的民族性,也为词汇学和训诂学中的词义演变研究提供了新思路和新方法。

Synaesthesia metaphor has always been a focus of research at home and abroad,but previous studies have rarely discussed it at the morpheme level and have seldom incorporated psychological feelings into the synaesthetic mapping model.This paper argues for the necessity of the incorporation of this dimension into the mapping model,and based on this,summarizes 192 adjectival synaesthetic compound words from the Modern Chinese Dictionary(7th edition).In the meantime,the paper analyzes 293 cases of synaesthetic mapping,resulting in the identification of 29 mapping patterns.It is found that the synaesthesia metaphor system of modern Chinese lexicon can be divided into three levels,and that the synaesthetic mapping system is directional though there are different mapping rules among the three levels.In light of this,the paper constructs a model at the morpheme level,distinguishing between linguistic synaesthesia and neural synaesthesia,and based on this model derives a hierarchy of sensory accessibility in Chinese.The different orders of sensory accessibility in different languages not only further demonstrate the individuality of languages but also provide new ideas and methods for the study of semantic evolution in lexicology and Chinese exegetics.