汉语二语外感受词汇跨模态加工中的效价匹配效应

The effect of valence matching in cross-modal processing of Chinese L2 exteroception words

以往的跨模态研究多集中于内感受词及外感受模态本身,对于外感受词的跨模态加工及学习鲜有涉及。本文基于情绪Stroop范式对汉语二语外感受词汇跨模态加工中的效价匹配效应进行实证研究。实验结果显示:1)不同效价匹配模式下,词汇跨模态加工与传统加工的正确率多无显著差异。效价一致匹配模式下,词汇跨模态加工时颜色判断反应时显著长于传统加工,效价不一致匹配模式下则出现反转;2)词汇跨模态加工中,效价一致匹配模式下的正确率显著高于效价不一致匹配模式,反应时由长到短依次为消极+消极>积极+积极>积极+消极/消极+积极,且前后差异均显著;3)跨模态类型对效价匹配模式的表现具有调控性,跨视觉模态加工中,消极+消极模式反应时显著长于积极+积极模式,但在跨听觉模态加工中二者的差异并不显著。论文最后从情绪-认知系统关联、效价偏向及刺激凸显性等角度对影响效价匹配效应的因素、机制等进行了讨论。

Based on the traditional stroop paradigm, this paper presents an empirical study on the effect of valence matching in the cross-modal processing of Chinese L2 exteroception words. The results show that: 1) Under different valence matching modes, there is no significant difference in the correct rate of vocabulary cross-modal processing and traditional processing. In the valence-consistent matching mode, the reaction time of vocabulary cross-modal processing is significantly longer than that of traditional processing, while in the valence-inconsistent matching mode, the result is exactly the opposite;2) In the cross-modal processing of vocabulary, the correct rate in the consistent valence matching mode is significantly higher than that in the inconsistent valence matching mode, and the reaction time from long to short is negative+negative>positive+positive>positive+negative/negative+positive, the difference between the front and back items being significant;3) The cross-modal type can regulate the performance of the valence matching mode. In cross-visual modal processing, the reaction time of the negative+negative mode is significantly longer than that of the positive+positive mode, though the gap between the two is not obvious in cross-auditory modal processing. The paper concludes with a discussion of the factors and mechanisms affecting the effect of valence matching from the perspectives of emotion-cognitive system association, valence bias and stimulus salience.