太极拳“耍拳”文化要义:认识、实践与主体性关怀

Cultural Substance of "Shua Quan" in Tai Chi:Understanding,Practice and Subjective Care

以太极拳《耍拳论》《耍拳解》为基础,结合“耍拳”生活的文化实践,解释其文化现象、特性与自然意向,揭示太极拳“耍拳”的认识论要义、实践论要义及其主体性关怀。指出:太极拳“耍拳”不仅有外在的形式,更有内在的理法,使人在“耍”中消除位分、彼此交感、互相成就、技艺同长,具有安放身心、技艺双修、步向超验的文化特性;它游戏般展开,让人渐生敬意,端正态度,并为之奋进逐渐走向完满,是习练者自我实现的过程。太极拳“耍拳”是日用即道的文化体现、生活世界哲学的话语表达、体育生活化的身修方式。它不仅是太极拳的习练之法,更是一种中国式的身体修行,且始终以一种往复循环的主体实践导引着“耍拳”者走向生命之完满,具有人文化成和生命治疗的作用与意义,可为人之身心健康与生命幸福增福祉,为人之本真回归贡献中国智慧。

Based on the traditional theory of Tai Chi Shua Quan Lun and Shua Quan Jie and combined with its cultural practice of "shua quan"(that is,"playing boxing"),its cultural features and essence are revealed,trying to find its epistemological and practical senses as well as its subjective care.It is held that "shua quan" in Tai Chi,both with external forms and internal rules,can eliminate differentiation and increase interactions,thus to achieve mutual success,so it is characterized by relaxing body and mind,improving techniques and skills and arriving at transcendence.When people begin "shua quan" like a game,it makes them gradually develop a respectable and serious attitude,and finally move towards perfection,hence it is actually a process of self-realization.Tai Chi "shua quan" is a cultural embodiment of daily Dao,a philosophical expression of the world of life,and a physical training method that integrates sports into daily life.It is a method of practicing Tai Chi and a Chinese style physical cultivation,and a cultural pattern that leads the practitioner to a recurring life practice.It has a humanistic and therapeutic effect on life,and can contribute to the well-being of people's physical and mental health and happiness,and to the return of people's true nature with Chinese wisdom.