川西高原藏区传统民居的建筑能耗模拟和优化

Building Energy Simulation and Optimization for Traditional Residential Buildings in Xizang Plateau of Western Sichuan of China

川西高原藏区气候寒冷,地理位置偏僻,常规能源匮乏,传统民居建筑冬季采暖能耗大。为提高此类民居的节能性,改善少数民族传统聚落人居环境,基于DesignBuilder软件建立川西藏区典型民居建筑模型,模拟当地气候条件、太阳辐射等环境参数,以人体热舒适和采暖能耗为评价指标,分析建筑朝向、功能布局、阳光房及其玻璃材料与参数等因素对室内环境的影响,探索多因素影响下的最优组合形式,在优化传统民居设计的基础之上,论证了利用太阳能采暖的可行性,为极端气候地区无辅助热源的传统民居立足可再生能源、利用太阳能解决冬季采暖问题、提升舒适性提供依据。

The cold climate,remote location and lack of conventional energy sources in the Tibetan region of the western Sichuan plateau have led to high energy consumption in traditional residential buildings for winter heating.In order to improve the energy efficiency of such dwellings and to improve the living environment of traditional settlements of ethnic minorities,a typical dwelling building model is built based on DesignBuilder software;local climatic conditions are simulated,as well as solar radiation and other environmental parameters,taking human thermal comfort and heating energy consumption as evaluation indicators;the influence of factors such as building orientation,functional layout,sunroom and its glazing materials and parameters on the indoor environment are analysed;the optimal combination of multiple factors is explored.The study explores the optimal combination of multiple factors,and demonstrates the feasibility of using solar energy for heating on the basis of optimising the design of traditional houses,providing a basis for the use of solar energy to solve the winter heating problem and improve the comfort of traditional houses without auxiliary heat sources in extreme climatic regions.