基质胶提取制备与应用的研究进展

Research Progress on the Extraction,Preparation and Uses of Matrigel

基底膜是细胞外基质的特化结构,存在于大多数的组织之中,不仅为上皮细胞、内皮细胞、神经细胞、肌肉细胞等提供支持结构,而且发挥着维持组织结构和功能的重要作用。基质胶是从富含胞外基质蛋白的EHS小鼠肿瘤中提取的可溶性基底膜制备物,它含有几乎所有的基底膜成分,能良好模拟基底膜细胞外基质的生物学特性,为生命科学研究中多种实验模型的构建提供了关键生物材料,尤其是类器官培养的重要载体。综述了基质胶的生物学特性、提取制备方法及主要用途,讨论了基质胶潜在应用领域与价值,分析了国内外基质胶生产的现状与存在的问题,并对基质胶产品的未来发展趋势进行了展望,以期对中国基质胶产品的研发及应用提供参考。

The basement membrane is a specialized structure of extracellular matrix,which exists in most tissues.It not only provides supporting structure for various cell types such as epithelial cells,endothelial cells,nerve cells,muscle cells,but also plays an important role in maintaining the tissue structure and function.Matrigel is the soluble basement membrane preparation extracted from the mouse Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm(EHS)tumors rich in extracellular matrix protein.It contains almost all components of the basement membrane and can mimic its biological properties,which becomes the crucial biological material for many experimental models in life science research,especially the important media of organoids.In this review,the biological characteristics of matrigel,its extraction and preparation technology,and its main uses are summarized,and its potential application fields and values are discussed.Additionally,the current status of its production both at home and abroad and the existing problems are analyzed,and the future development trend of matrigel production is prospected.This study aims to provide reference for the development and application of matrigel in China.