经会阴直肠浆肌层无张力修补术治疗女童后天性直肠舟状窝瘘

Transperineal Tension-free Repair of Rectal Seromuscular Layer for Acquired Rectovestibular Fistula in Girls

目的探讨经会阴直肠浆肌层无张力修补术治疗后天性直肠舟状窝瘘的效果。方法回顾性分析2016年5月~2023年11月97例后天性直肠舟状窝瘘临床资料。手术年龄6个月~11岁,中位年龄3岁。经会阴入路,游离并切除瘘管,充分游离直肠前壁,5-0 PDS线横向连续无张力缝合直肠浆肌层修补瘘口,连续缝合加固,纵向连续缝合会阴肌层和皮肤,肛管牵开器或小拉钩暴露内瘘口位置,5-0 PDS连续缝合黏膜层。术后保留肛管和尿管5~7天,并静点抗生素治疗。结果手术时间(60.5±9.0)min,瘘管直径(5.2±2.1)mm,住院时间(7.4±1.9)d。随访时间4.5月~8.5年,中位时间4.25年。92例(94.8%)瘘口愈合,会阴外观满意,大便通畅,排便规律;5例(5.2%)术后5~10天瘘复发,其中2例3%硼酸或康复新液坐浴3周愈合,2例二次手术修补愈合,1例二次瘘修补术后再次复发。结论经会阴直肠浆肌层无张力瘘修补术治疗女童后天性直肠舟状窝瘘,简单,安全,有效。

Objective To explore the effectiveness of transperineal tension-free repair of rectal seromuscular layer in the treatment of acquired rectovestibular fistula.Methods Clinical data of 97 girls with acquired rectovestibular fistula from May 2016 to November 2023 were enrolled.The surgical age ranged from 6 months to 11 years old(median,3 years old).The fistula was disconnected and resected via the perineal approach.The anterior wall of the rectum was fully disconnected.Then the fistula was repaired with horizontal continuous tension-free suture of rectal plasmomuscular layer with 5-0 PDS sutures.After continuous suture reinforcement,the perineal muscle layer and skin were longitudinally continuously sutured.The internal fistula opening was exposured with an anal dilator or small hook,and the mucosal layer was continuously sutured with 5-0 PDS sutures.Postoperatively,the anal tube and urinary tube were retained for 5-7 d and antibiotics was administered for treatment.Results The mean operation time was(60.5±9.0)min,the mean fistula diameter was(5.2±2.1)mm,and the mean hospital stay was(7.4±1.9)d.The follow-ups time was 4.5 months to 8.5 years(median,4.25 years).Primary healing was achieved in 92 cases(94.8%),with satisfactory perineal appearance,smooth stool passage,and regular defecation.Fistula recurred within 5-10 d after operation in 5 cases(5.2%),2 of which healed after 3 weeks of sitz baths by using 3%boric acid or Kangfuxin solution,2 of which healed after second operation,and 1 of which experienced recurrence after secondary fistula repair.Conclusion Transperineal tension-free rectal seromuscular layer repair is a simple,safe,and effective surgical method for the treatment of acquired rectovestibular fistula in girls.