数字金融对城乡居民收支差距的影响与机制研究

Research on the Influence and Mechanism of Digital Finance on the Income and Expenditure Gap between Urban and Rural Residents

数字金融为缩小城乡居民收支差距提供了新路径。本文基于2011—2020年我国省级面板数据,实证分析了数字金融对城乡收支差距的影响;通过构建中介效应模型,实证分析了影响机制。研究发现:数字金融能够显著缩小城乡收支差距;数字金融每提高1个单位,城乡收入之比和城乡消费支出之比分别缩小0.0012和0.0015;数字金融通过提高农村居民财产性收入、扩大农村居民发展型消费和享受型消费,进而缩小城乡收支差距。基于研究结论,本文提出应在农村地区进一步推广发展数字金融,引导鼓励农民使用数字金融,同时在发展过程中注意城乡协调,多措并举拓宽农民增收渠道,丰富农村消费市场。

Digital finance provides a new way to narrow the gap between urban and rural residents’income and expenditure.Based on the provincial panel data of China from 2011 to 2020,this paper puts income and consumption into the same analytical framework,constructs a simultaneous equation model,and uses three-stage least square method to estimate,and empirically analyzes the impact of digital finance on urban-rural income and expenditure gap.Through the construction of mediating effect model,the paper empirically analyzes the influence mechanism.The main conclusions are as follow:Digital finance can significantly narrow the gap between urban and rural income and expenditure;For every unit increase in digital finance,the ratio of urban-rural income and consumption expenditure will decrease by 0.0012 and 0.0015 respectively;Digital finance can narrow the gap between urban and rural income and expenditure by increasing the property income of rural residents,expanding the development consumption and enjoyment consumption of rural residents.Based on the research conclusions,this paper proposes that digital finance should be further promoted and developed in rural areas,farmers should be encouraged to use digital finance,meanwhile,attention should be paid to urban-rural coordination in the development process,more channels for increasing farmers’income should be broadened,and rural consumption market should be enriched.