“一带一路”背景下西南民族地区边境口岸集群效应优化研究

Optimization of Cluster Effect of Border Ports in Southwest Ethnic Regions under the Background of Belt and Road Initiative(2008-2018)

建设“一带一路”倡议发布十年来为民族地区带来了发展机遇,新时代,中国已转向高质量发展阶段,西南民族地区边境口岸在开放、管理等方面的分散化短板不利于优化区域开放布局,亟须以边境口岸集群带动当地经济发展,以推进高水平对外开放,深度参与全球产业分工和合作,维护多元稳定的国际经济格局和经贸关系。通过建立口岸集群效应研究的理论框架和口岸集群效应测度模型,可基于广西、云南两地口岸经济发展现实,从集群化发展对口岸布局的影响、口岸集群对区域经济的作用程度和口岸所连接的区域经济系统协同度三个方面测度口岸集群效应。针对西南民族地区口岸集群在模式、结构和动力方面存在的问题,可从国家、省际和口岸集群层面提出建议,通过建立稳定联系载体、岸地产业联动和打造多元动力集等,更好释放口岸集群在西南民族地区口岸经济发展中的乘数效应。

The“Belt and Road Initiative”(BRI)has brought development opportunities to ethnic minority regions.The dispersed development of border ports in southwest ethnic minority regions is no longer conducive to forming a pattern of development and opening-up along the borders.Therefore,it is urgent to drive local economic development with the clustering of border ports.The paper establishes a theoretical framework for studying the cluster effect of ports and a measurement model for the cluster effect of border ports.Based on the actual development of port economies in Guangxi and Yunnan,the cluster effect of ports is assessed at three aspects:the impact of cluster on port layout,the degree of port cluster on regional economy and the synergy of regional economic systems connected by ports.Based on the model,structure and dynamics of port clusters in southwest ethnic areas,this paper puts forward some optimization suggestions from the national,inter-provincial and cluster levels,such as establishing a stable contact carrier,linking coastal and land industries and creating a multidynamic set with an aim to better release the multiplier effect of port clusters in the port economic development of southwest ethnic areas.