都市圈乡村旅游适应性及其发展模式探析——以西安都市圈为例

An analysis of the adaptability and development model of rural tourism in metropolitan area:Taking Xi’an metropolitan area as an example

都市圈的乡村具备发展旅游的天然优势,如何在发展乡村旅游的同时保持乡村性是当前需要关注的重要实践与学术问题。以西安都市圈典型乡村为案例对象,基于“起点-动力”分析框架,构建都市圈乡村旅游适应性评估模型,探索都市圈乡村旅游发展的不同模式与提升路径。结果发现:①西安都市圈乡村旅游发展适应性处于一般水平;②基于评估结果可分为发展中适应和适应中发展两种模式,前者主要在内生作用驱动下进行乡村产业转型、产业融合来发展乡村旅游,后者在外力作用推动下植入乡村旅游以进行乡村空间重构;③研究进一步提出都市圈乡村旅游发展建议即重视乡村旅游发展中的“起点”作用,促进“乡村-旅游”的互适性,强化“动力”作用,保障乡村旅游的可持续性,以期为我国都市圈的乡村旅游健康发展提供理论参考。

The rural areas in urban areas have natural advantages in developing tourism,and how to maintain rural characteristics while developing rural tourism is an important practical and academic issue that needs attention at present.The study takes typical rural areas in the Xi’an metropolitan area as the case object,and based on the"starting point-driving force"analysis framework,constructs an adaptability evaluation model for rural tourism in urban areas,exploring different models and improvement paths for the development of rural tourism in urban areas.The results show that:①The adaptability of rural tourism development in the Xi’an metropolitan area is at an average level;②Based on the evaluation results,it can be divided into two modes:Adaptation in Development and Development in Adaptation.The former mainly focuses on the transformation and integration of rural industries driven by endogenous factors to develop rural tourism;the latter is implanted in rural tourism under the influence of external forces for rural spatial reconstruction.③The study proposes to attach importance to the"starting point"role in the development of rural tourism in urban areas,promote the mutual adaptation of rural tourism,and strengthen the role of"driving force"to ensure the sustainability of rural tourism,in order to provide theoretical reference for the healthy development of rural tourism in China’s urban areas.