晚期胃肠肿瘤患者的营养不良及其治疗

Malnutrition in advanced gastrointestinal cancer patients and nutritional support therapy

综合治疗的进步使更多胃肠肿瘤患者获得长期生存,当前临床实践中遇到的晚期胃肠肿瘤患者越来越多。在肿瘤负荷、放化疗等治疗措施以及患者基础疾病等众多因素影响下,晚期胃肠肿瘤患者常存在营养不良,给患者的临床结局带来诸多不利影响。晚期胃肠肿瘤患者的营养不良发生机制复杂,常规的营养支持治疗效果欠佳。随着营养支持治疗理念和技术不断进步,治疗手段不断多样化,多学科协作不断加强,晚期胃肠肿瘤患者的营养管理趋于规范、合理,患者的营养状态和临床结局获得有效改善。本文基于最新循证医学证据,结合作者实践经验和体会,探讨晚期胃肠肿瘤患者的营养支持治疗。

The advancement of comprehensive treatment has allowed an increasing number of patients with gastrointestinal tumor to achieve long-term survival.In current clinical practice,there is a growing population of patients with advanced gastrointestinal tumor.Due to various factors,such as tumor burden,treatments including chemotherapy and radiation therapy,as well as underlying diseases,patients with advanced gastrointestinal tumor often experience malnutrition,which negatively impacts their clinical outcomes.The mechanism of malnutrition in patients with advanced gastrointestinal tumor is complex,and conventional nutritional support therapy has shown limited effectiveness.With the continuous progress in the concept and technique of nutritional support therapy,the diversification of treatment strategies,and the strengthening of multidisciplinary collaboration,the nutritional management for patients with advanced gastrointestinal tumor tends to be standardized and rational,leading to effective improvement in patients'nutritional status and clinical outcomes.Based on the latest evidence-based medicine,combined with the author's practical experience and insights,this article aims to explore nutritional support therapy for patients with advanced gastrointestinal tumor.