新型恒流量钻井泵活塞运动规律研究

Research on Piston Motion Law of New Constant Flow Drilling Pumps

针对以曲柄连杆机构作为动力端的钻井泵,吸入与排出管路存在较大的流量和压力波动,从而导致一系列不利影响,提出采用凸轮传动机构作为恒流量钻井泵的动力端,并选择摆线运动规律与等速运动规律组合(即摆线加速-等速-摆线减速)作为凸轮机构恒流量钻井泵活塞拟定运动规律。既发挥摆线运动规律的位移、速度、加速度连续的优点,又发挥等速运动规律中加速度幅值为零的优点,可实现流量恒定、压力无波动的输出特性。根据活塞运动规律表达式进行综合评价分析,结果表明:既无刚性冲击也无柔性冲击,最大无量纲跃动度幅值JM、最大无量纲扭矩TM均减小,有利于提高恒流量钻井泵工作稳定性和可靠性,显著改善钻井泵的运动与动力性能。

For drilling pumps that use a crank linkage mechanism as the power end,there are large flow and pressure fluctuations in the suction and discharge lines,which lead to a series of adverse effects.It is proposed to use the cam drive mechanism as the power end of a constant flow drilling pump and select the combination of the pendulum motion law and the isochronous motion law(i.e.,pendulum acceleration-isochronous-pendulum deceleration)as the developed motion law of the piston of the constant flow drilling pump with the cam mechanism.It not only takes advantage of the displacement,speed,and acceleration of the pendulum motion law,but also takes advantage of the zero acceleration amplitude of the isokinetic motion law,and output characteristics of constant flow and non-fluctuating pressure can be achieved.Comprehensive evaluation and analysis are done according to the expression of the piston motion law,and the results show that there is neither rigid impact nor flexible impact,and the maximum dimensionless jump amplitude JM and the maximum dimensionless torque TM are reduced,which is beneficial to improving the stability and reliability of the constant flow drilling pump,and significantly improves the kinematic and power performance of the drilling pump.