极端运行阵风对15 MW风力机叶片结构性能影响的分析

The Influence of Extreme Operating Gust on the Structural Performance of 15 MW Wind Turbine Blades

基于CFD方法,对极端运行阵风条件下IEA Wind 15 MW水平轴风力机气动性能进行分析。采用ANSYS APDL软件定义复合材料铺层方案建立15 MW风力机叶片有限元模型,并基于Workbench平台对风力机叶片进行模态分析和静力学分析,研究极端运行阵风对风力机叶片结构性能的影响。结果显示:极端运行阵风对风力机气动性能和叶片结构性能影响较大,风轮推力与转矩极值出现的时间点均迟于风速极值点,沿叶片展向叶片流动分离区域与风速呈正相关;在极端运行阵风期间,叶片位移均是从叶根至叶尖逐渐增大,叶片最大应力出现在叶片主梁并且距叶根0.6 R处,同时,由于叶片的叶尖位移和最大应力在短时间内大幅度变化,会使叶片破坏的概率增加。

Based on the CFD method,the aerodynamic performance of the IEA Wind 15 MW horizontal axis wind turbine under extreme operating gust conditions is analyzed.The finite element model of 15 MW wind turbine blade is established by using ANSYS APDL software to define the composite layer scheme.Based on Workbench platform,the modal analysis and static analysis of wind turbine blade are carried out to study the influence of extreme operating gust on the structural performance of wind turbine blade.The results show that the extreme operating gust has a great influence on the aerodynamic performance and blade structure performance of the wind turbine.The time points of the extreme value of the wind turbine thrust and torque are later than the extreme value of the wind speed.The flow separation area along the blade span is positively correlated with the wind speed.During the extreme gust,the displacement of the blade gradually increases from the root to the tip of the blade.The maximum stress of the blade appears in the main beam of the blade and is 0.6 R away from the root of the blade.At the same time,the displacement and maximum stress of the blade tip change greatly in a short time,which will increase the probability of blade failure.