抑郁-焦虑-压力在大学生锻炼成瘾风险中的作用

The effect of depression,anxiety and stress in the risk of exercise addiction among college students

目的评估大学生群体中锻炼成瘾风险发生情况及其与负性情绪和运动频率之间的关系。方法在2022年1月1日至2022年12月31日期间,共选择了837名大学生作为目标群体,使用运动依赖量表-修订版(exercise dependence scale revised,EDS-R),抑郁-焦虑-压力量表-21(depression,anxiety,and stress scale 21 items,DASS-21)进行横断面调查。通过SPSS 26.0软件,采用偏相关分析和层级回归等统计学方法进行数据分析。结果大学生群体中锻炼成瘾有风险和症状组占4.9%(41/837),EDS-R得分(110.32±11.51)分,DASS-21-抑郁得分为21.00(10.50,25.00)分、DASS-21-焦虑得分为21.00(11.50,24.00)分、DASS-21-压力得分为42.00(22.00,47.50)分;无风险有症状组占42.53%(356/837),EDS-R得分为(60.02±12.91)分,DASS-21-抑郁得分为8.00(1.00,14.00)分、DASS-21-焦虑得分为8.00(3.00,14.00)分、DASS-21-压力得分为15.00(4.00,28.00)分;无风险无症状组占52.57%(440/837),EDS-R得分(31.57±7.51)分,DASS-21-抑郁得分为8.00(5.00,12.00)分、DASS-21-焦虑得分为7.00(3.00,10.00)分、DASS-21-压力得分为15.00(6.00,21.00)分。锻炼成瘾得分与焦虑(r=0.327,P<0.001)、抑郁(r=0.259,P<0.001)和压力(r=0.303,P<0.001)显著正相关。层级回归分析表明,运动频率(△R^(2)=0.044,F=21.401)和焦虑(△R^(2)=0.175,F=60.954)是主要的危险因素。此外,尽管男性锻炼成瘾风险高于女性(P<0.01),但两组之间在负性情绪方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论大学生群体中存在锻炼成瘾风险,特别是在高运动频率和存在焦虑症状的个体中,为早期识别和干预锻炼成瘾高风险群体提供了强有力的行为学实证证据。

ObjectiveTo assess the prevalence of exercise addiction among college students and explore its relationship with negative emotion and exercise frequency.MethodsA total of 837 college students were enrolled from January 1,2022 to December 31,2022.The cross-sectional survey was administered using the exercise dependence scale revised(EDS-R)and the depression,anxiety,and stress scale 21 items(DASS-21).Data analysis was conducted with SPSS 26.0 software,including partial correlation analysis and hierarchical regression.ResultsAmong college students,the students in the group with risk and symptoms of exercise addiction accounted for 4.9%(EDS-R score(110.32±11.51),DASS-21-depression score 21.00(10.50,25.00),DASS-21-anxiety score 21.00(11.50,24.00),DASS-21-stress score 42.00(22.00,47.50)).The students in the group without risk but with symptoms accounted for 42.53%(EDS-R score(60.02±12.91),DASS-21-depression score 8.00(1.00,14.00),DASS-21-anxiety score 8.00(3.00,14.00),DASS-21-stress score 15.00(4.00,28.00)),and the students in the group without risk and symptoms accounted for 52.57%(EDS-R score(31.57±7.51),DASS-21-depression score 8.00(5.00,12.00),DASS-21-anxiety score 7.00(3.00,10.00),DASS-21-stress score 15.00(6.00,21.00)).Exercise addiction scores were positively correlated with stress(r=0.303,P<0.001),anxiety(r=0.327,P<0.001),and depression(r=0.259,P<0.001).The results of the hierarchical regression analysis also showed that the main risk variables were anxiety(△R^(2)=0.175,F=60.954)and exercise frequency(△R^(2)=0.044,F=21.401).Additionally,male college students had a higher risk of exercise addiction than female(P<0.01),but there was no gender difference in negative emotions(P>0.05).ConclusionThe college students were susceptible to developing an exercise addiction,especially among individuals with high exercise frequency and anxiety symptoms.It provides robust behavioral evidence in support of early detection and treatment of high-risk exercise addiction groups.