轰炸机舱室颜色优选实验研究

Experimental Study on Color Selection of Bomber Cockpit

目的 研究轰炸机飞行员对飞机舱室的颜色需求,提出基于视觉工效的颜色设计方案,为飞机舱室的内部装饰颜色设计提供依据.方法 试验对象为151 名轰炸机飞行员,平均年龄26-40 岁.要求飞行员对飞机舱壁及主要控制设备的备选颜色进行选择排列,并与其日常喜欢的颜色进行对比.结果 (1)飞行员对座舱舱壁装饰浅色系按适合程度由高到低的排序为:E,B,D、F,C,A,J、I,H,G,K,L;(2)飞行员对座舱控制设备装饰深色系适合程度由高到低的排序为:E',H'、F',A',C',B',D',G',I',J',K',L';(3)飞行员对深、浅两个色系各12 种颜色的选择度并不相同,且均具有统计学意义(P<0.001);(4)飞行员日常生活中喜欢的颜色对于本次选择结果的影响不显著(P>0.05).结论 (1)飞行员对于轰炸机内饰颜色的选择不受日常颜色偏好的影响;(2)浅色系中最适合用于轰炸机舱壁的颜色为E(FS36463)、B(FS36495),其次为D(FS36628)、F(FS36492);(3)深色系中最适合用于轰炸机控制设备的颜色为 E'(FS36173)、H'(FS36176),其次为 F'(FS36152)、A'(FS36118).

Objective To study the color requirements of bomber pilots on aircraft cockpits,and to provide the color design solution based on visual ergonomics,so as to provide the basis for the interior decoration color design of bomber cockpits.Methods The test subjects were 151 bomber pilots with an average age of 26-40 years.Alternative colors of cockpit bulkhead and main control equipment were selected and arranged,and their favorite colors were selected for comparison test.Results(1)Pilots rank the light color system of cabin bulkhead decoration from high to low in order of suitability:E,B,D,F,C,A,J,I,H,G,K,L;(2)The suitability of the dark color system for cockpit control equipment decoration by pilots from high to low is as follows:E,H,F,A,C,B,D,G,I,J,K,L;(3)Pilots had dfferent degrees of choice for 12 colors in each of the dark and light color systems,with statistical significance(P<0.001);(4)The color preferred by pilots in daily life had no significant influence on the selection result(P>0.05).Conclusion(1)Pilots'choice of bomber interior color is not affected by daily color preference;(2)In the light color system,the most suitable colors for bombing engine room wall are E(FS36463),B(FS36495),followed by D(FS36628),F(FS36492);(3)Among the dark colors,E(FS36173)and H'(FS36176)are the most suitable colors for bomber control equipment,followed by F(FS36152)and A(FS36118).