供应链韧性的演化脉络、研究热点和趋势展望

Evolution,Research Hotspot and Trend of Supply Chain Resilience

利用CiteSpace软件全面梳理WOS数据库中1195篇供应链韧性研究成果,对其发展的总体趋势进行分析,并指出供应链演化趋势可以分为“风险防控”管理阶段(2014年以前)、“冲击化解”管理阶段(2014-2019年)和“网络恢复”管理阶段(2019年以后)三个阶段。通过关键词聚类分析,得出供应链韧性的研究主要包括供应链韧性界定和测度、供应链韧性的作用机制以及供应链韧性的构建三大主题。最后提出了供应链韧性的研究趋势,包括:需要重视政府、社会等多方力量的调控作用,缩小理论研究和现实环境之间的差距;对供应链韧性的风险分析和治理范围必须整合跨学科驱动的供应链韧性研究范式,超越单个环节扩展到整个供应链;国内有关供应链韧性的研究还属于起步阶段,亟待探索根植中国国情的供应链韧性理论体系。

Supply chain resilience refers to the ability of a supply chain to maintain or restore its own structure in a complex environment and optimize it through learning.In this paper,we used CiteSpace to visu⁃ally analyze 1,195 articles sourced from the WOS core journal database.Through keyword highlighting,key⁃word co-occurrence,and cluster analysis,etc.,we explored the overall situation,evolutionary context,and hotspots of the researches on supply chain resilience,and predicted the future outlook of this research field.From an overall perspective,the number of literature on supply chain resilience has been steadily increasing since 2009,reaching a record high of 380 in 2022.It is expected that the interest in this topic will continue to climb in the future.The Berlin School of Economics and Law in Germany occupies an important position in terms of publication volume and field influence,and is the main force in supply chain resilience research.Brit⁃ish and American universities and research institutions are also paying continuous attention to this topic.Most of the relevant literature are distributed in journals related to management and engineering.The themes in⁃clude the connotation and research framework of supply chain resilience and the impact of interruption risks on supply chain resilience.Evolutionarily,the research can be divided into three stages:the"risk prevention and control"stage(before 2014),the"shock mitigation"stage(2014-2019),and the"network recovery"stage(after 2019).Through keyword clustering and analysis,it is concluded that the research on supply chain resil⁃ience has three main themes,namely definition and measurement of supply chain resilience which are commit⁃ted to more in-depth analysis,classification and measurement of supply chain resilience capabilities;mecha⁃nism of supply chain resilience which mainly studies the sources of supply chain resilience risks,the propaga⁃tion pattern of such risks,and the corresponding prevention and control measures,etc.;and construction of supply chain resilience which is mainly divided into active construction and passive construction.Finally,we suggested the future trends of supply chain resilience research based on the existing research hotspots:First,considering this is a macro topic,in order to build an effective supply chain resilience governance system,it is necessary to emphasize the regulatory role of the government and the society,etc.,in order to narrow the gap between theoretical research and industrial practice;second,since supply chain resilience is relevant in all as⁃pects of enterprise production and operations,the scope of analysis and governance of supply chain resilience risks must integrate an interdisciplinary-driven research paradigm that goes beyond any single link and covers the entire supply chain;and third,judging from the results of literature analysis,foreign research on supply chain resilience begins early and starts to yield fruit while domestic research in this field is still in its infancy,so that there is an urgent need to explore a supply chain resilience theory system that is rooted in China's national conditions.