手工清洗与超声波清洗对腔镜手术器械的清洗消毒效果比较

Comparison of the effect of manual cleaning and ultrasonic cleaning in cleaning and disinfection of laparoscopic surgical instruments

目的比较手工清洗与超声波清洗对腔镜手术器械的清洗消毒效果。方法随机对照研究。抽取2022年10月至2023年10月于郑州大学第一附属医院清洗消毒的124批次中124件腔镜手术器械,按照清洗的时间顺序分成参照组与研究组,每组62件。参照组采取手工清洗,研究组采用超声波清洗机清洗。比较两组清洗时长及成本、消毒时长及成本、清洗合格率、器械破损率、患者术后感染率。结果研究组器械清洗时长和消毒时长均短于参照组,清洗成本和消毒成本均低于参照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。目测法及三磷酸腺苷生物荧光检测法结果显示,研究组器械清洗合格率均高于参照组(P<0.05)。研究组器械破损率(1.61%,1/62)与参照组(3.23%,2/62)比较差异未见统计学意义(P>0.05)。研究组患者术后感染率(0.00%,0/62)低于参照组(6.45%,4/62),P<0.05。结论应用超声波清洗机清洗腔镜手术器械,清洗和消毒时间更短,成本更低,清洗合格率更高,患者术后感染率更低。

Objective To compare the effect of manual cleaning and ultrasonic cleaning in cleaning and disinfection of laparoscopic surgical instruments.Methods A randomized controlled trail was conducted on a total of 124 endoscopic surgical instruments selected from 124 batches which were cleaned and disinfected in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from October 2022 to October 2023.These instruments were divided into the reference group and the study group according to order of cleaning,with 62 instruments in each group.The instruments in the reference group were cleaned by hand,and the instruments in the study group were cleaned by ultrasonic cleaning machine.The time and cost of cleaning and disinfection,cleaning qualified rate,instrument breakage rate,postoperative infection rate of patients were compared between the two groups.Results Compared with the reference group,the cleaning time and disinfection time of instruments in the study group were significantly shorter,and the cleaning cost and disinfection cost in the study group were significantly lower(P<0.05).The qualified rate of instrument cleaning detected by visual inspection and adenosine triphosphate method in the study group were significantly higher than those in the reference group(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the breakage rate of instruments between the study group(1.61%,1/62)and the reference group(3.23%,2/62),P>0.05.The postoperative infection rate of patients in the study group(0.00%,0/62)was lower than that in the reference group(6.45%,4/62),P<0.05.Conclusions Ultrasonic cleaning can shorten the cleaning and disinfection time,reduce the cost,increase the cleaning qualified rate,and reduce the postoperative infection rate of patients.