不同土壤改良剂对水稻吸收和积累镉的影响

Effects of Different Soil Amendments on Cadmium Uptake and Accumulation in Rice

探究不同市售土壤改良剂在镉(Cd)污染稻田中的应用效果,保障水稻的安全生产。选用6种市售土壤改良剂(“特贝钙”、“土沃宝”“鲁西”“康源邦尔”“育壤康”、“初养”),在Cd中度污染稻田中开展田间试验,测定了土壤理化性质,有效态Cd含量,水稻各器官中Cd含量以及水稻产量。结果表明:施用土壤改良剂后土壤pH平均提高0.22个单位,碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾和有机质分别平均提高7.27%、7.44%、7.39%、2.99%;水稻株高、穗重、千粒重和产量分别平均提高4.72%、4.54%、3.50%、4.26%;土壤有效态Cd含量显著下降0.17mg/kg,降幅为36.59%,糙米Cd含量显著下降57.72%。供试的6种市售土壤改良剂对于Cd中度污染农田中水稻产量的增加有一定的效果,对吸收和积累Cd具有明显的抑制作用,其中“土沃宝”土壤改良剂在降低土壤有效态Cd和糙米中的Cd含量作用效果最好,可进行推广应用。

The application effects of various commercially available soil amendments in cadmium(Cd)-contaminated paddy fields were explored to ensure the safe production of rice and meet the safety standards.Field experiments were conducted in moderate cadmium-contaminated paddy fields using six commercially available soil amendments(“Tebeigai”,“Tuwobao”,“Luxi”,“Kangyuanbanger”,“Yurangkang”and“Chuyang”).The study assessed the impacts of these amendments on soil physical and chemical properties,available Cd content,Cd content in rice organs,and rice yield.The results showed that after the application of soil amendments,the average soil pH increased by 0.22 units,while the levels of available nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium and organic matter increased by 7.27%,7.44%,7.39%,and 2.99%,respectively.Additionally,the plant height,panicle weight,1000-grain weight and rice yield increased by 4.72%,4.54%,3.50%,and 4.26%,respectively.Furthermore,there was a significant decrease in the available Cd content in the soil by 0.17 mg/kg,representing a decrease of 36.59%,and a significant decrease in the Cd content in brown rice by 57.72%.The six commercially available soil amendments tested had a positive impact on increasing rice yield in slightly Cd-polluted farmland.Additionally,they demonstrated a significant inhibitory effect on the absorption and accumulation of Cd.Among them,“Tuwobao”soil amendment had the best effect on reducing the content of available Cd in soil and Cd in brown rice,which could be popularized and applied.