植物耐受高温胁迫的分子机制研究进展

Molecular Mechanism of Heat Stress Tolerance in Plants:A Review

随着全球的温度持续上升,高温胁迫已经成为影响植物生长发育的重要因素之一,高温对水稻等农作物产量造成的损失对人类经济收益的影响尤为重要。为了了解植物应对高温胁迫的分子机制,本综述归纳了高温胁迫对植物形态、生理生化、光合作用等方面产生的不利影响并总结了信号传导途径、转录因子的调节、抗高温胁迫相关基因的表达这3种植物应对高温胁迫的分子机制。根据以上内容,本文建议利用生物信息学、基因工程、细胞生物学、分子生物学等手段继续深入探索植物耐受高温胁迫的分子机制,并对该领域未来的研究方向提出了展望。

With the increase of global temperature,heat stress has emerged as one of the major factors affecting plant growth and development.The substantial losses caused by heat,particularly for staple crops like rice,pose a significant impact on economic benefits.In order to unravel the molecular mechanisms underlying plant response to heat stress,the adverse effects of heat stress on the morphology,physiology,biochemistry and photosynthesis have been presented.Furthermore,the three molecular mechanisms employed by plants to cope with heat stress,including signal transduction pathways,transcriptional factor regulatory networks and the expression of heat-resistance related genes have been introduced as well.Based on these insights,this review suggests that bioinformatics,genetic engineering,cell biology and molecular biology may be further employed as tools for understanding the molecular mechanisms of heat stress in plants.At last,this review offers a prospective outlook on future research directions in this field.