被孵企业知识共享治理:以智能制造孵化器洪泰智造为例

The Governance of Knowledge-sharing in Incubated Enterprise:Taking an Intelligent Manufacturing Incubator(Hongtai Zhizao)as an Example

促进被孵企业间的知识共享有利于孵化器形成良好的创业生态,但现有的创业孵化研究较少关注被孵企业间知识共享的治理机制。本文以知识共享活动密集的智能制造孵化服务平台洪泰智造为对象,研究了孵化器对被孵企业知识共享过程的治理:首先,针对创业孵化领域知识共享过程提出了索引匹配、外化与内化、应用共赢三阶段模型;其次,在三阶段模型的基础上提炼了知识共享治理机制,包括辅助匹配治理机制、行为优化治理机制和绩效分配公平化治理机制;最后,从显性知识与隐性知识的层面,结合知识的默会性、复杂性和经济性,剖析了孵化器知识治理如何通过针对性设计来系统地影响被孵企业知识共享意愿。论文成果为创业孵化领域提供了新的见解,加深了对知识共享治理的认识,对提升孵化器的知识共享治理水平具有参考价值。

Startup firms often face challenges such as limited resources,lack of organizational legitimacy,and rapid changes in technology and market environment.Incubators also face problems such as insufficient supply and difficulty in improving incubation success rates.In the era of knowledge economy,promoting knowledge sharing among incubated enterprises is an important entry point to solve the above problems,which helps to improve the efficiency of knowledge utilization and promote the formation of a good entrepreneurial ecosystem.However,existing research on entrepreneurship incubation has paid less attention to the governance mechanism for knowledge sharing among incubated enterprises.This paper focuses on the intelligent manufacturing incubation platform Hongtai Zhizao,which is a knowledge sharing activity intensive platform.Using Gioia’s case study method,an exploratory study was conducted.Through three stages of first-order coding(informant quotes),second-order coding(themes),and third-order coding(aggregate dimensions),the governance process and mechanism of incubators on the knowledge sharing process of incubated enterprises were deeply analyzed.Firstly,A three-stage model is proposed for the knowledge sharing process in the field of entrepreneurship incubation.The index matching stage includes three parts:demand analysis,stock analysis,and supply-demand matching.Externalization and internalization include two parts:knowledge externalization and internalization.Application win-win includes two parts:result generation and performance allocation;Secondly,based on the three-stage model,a knowledge sharing governance mechanism was extracted.The auxiliary matching governance mechanism mainly includes four parts:establishing a standard knowledge base,inspiring thinking,promoting typical cases,and clustering communication.The behavior optimization governance mechanism mainly includes four parts:collaborative communication,auxiliary expression,scenario based learning,and regular tracking feedback.The performance distribution fairness governance mechanism mainly includes pre allocation,benefit binding,and so on Trust endorsement and arbitration intervention in four parts;Finally,this paper analyzes how knowledge governance in incubators systematically affects the willingness of incubated enterprises to share knowledge through targeted design,from the perspectives of explicit and implicit knowledge,combined with the tacit,complex,and economic nature of knowledge.The research in this paper found that the knowledge characteristics that cause the sharing dilemma in specific stages are different,and the governance mechanism should also be targeted:in the index matching stage,the tacit understanding of knowledge causes a lack of value and scenario between sharing subjects,and a lack of goal orientation.The auxiliary matching governance is mainly based on expression,presenting knowledge and its application value in a clear and concise manner to improve the effectiveness of application scenario,application value,and goal orientation matching.During the externalization and internalization stages,the complexity of knowledge creates practical and expressive difficulties.The behavior optimization governance mechanism promotes deep,accurate,and efficient understanding of knowledge,which is an optimization of the knowledge sharing process.In the application win-win stage,knowledge economy leads to unreasonable performance distribution and low performance output.The fair governance mechanism of performance distribution leverages a common trust foundation to bind the interests of both sharing parties or shift the distribution backward,enabling knowledge sharing entities to have a good expectation of their shared benefits.Therefore,the effectiveness of knowledge sharing governance depends on two parts:one is to focus on influencing the knowledge sharing willingness of sharing entities through a series of governance behaviors,and the other is to make the knowledge sharing governance mechanism correspond with the knowledge sharing process and knowledge characteristics in a targeted manner during the governance process.The research findings of this paper analyze the problems faced by incubated enterprises during the incubation process,emphasizing the necessity of incubators actively engaging in knowledge governance,which helps to promote the transformation of knowledge management in the field of entrepreneurship incubation towards knowledge governance.At the same time,in the field of knowledge based theory,this paper analyzes how to design corresponding governance mechanisms from the perspective of influencing knowledge sharing willingness,elaborates on the effective internal mechanisms of various governance behaviors,and enriches the governance mechanisms under relatively small power distances.The research results of this paper can also provide guidance on knowledge governance between industrial clusters or organizational clusters that have a certain degree of guidance or leadership relationship,such as interest exchange and potential shared value among sharing entities,extensive and high-frequency connections between governance entities and knowledge sharing entities,from a practical perspective.