果树新梢节间生长规律及其调控机制

Regulation and regulation mechanism of internode growth of new shoots in fruit trees

果树树冠的扩张依赖于新梢的分枝和生长,而节间是组成新梢的基本单位,其伸长与增粗生长决定了枝的长度和粗度,形成了树冠扩张的骨架,同时新梢节间生长是树体营养生长的一部分,直接或间接影响光合产物合成与分配,进而影响果实品质与产量。调控枝的节间生长对提高果树生产效益具有重要作用。本文综述了果树新梢节间生长规律以及影响新梢节间生长的各种因素,为果树生长调控研究提供参考,同时也为果树生产管理和新的修剪技术开发提供借鉴。

The expansion of the crown of fruit trees depends on the branching and growth of new shoots,and internode is the basic unit of new shoots,whose elongation and thickening growth determine the length and thickness of branches,forming the skeleton of crown expansion.At the same time,internode growth of new shoots is a part of the vegetative growth of trees,which directly or indirectly affects the synthesis and distribution of photosynthetic products,and thus affects the fruit quality and yield.How to regulate the internode growth of branches plays an important role in improving the yield of fruit trees.In this paper,the growth law of new shoot internode of fruit trees and various factors affecting the growth of new shoot internode are summarized,which provides reference for the research on the growth regulation of fruit trees,and also provides reference for the production management of fruit trees and the development of new pruning techniques.