原发性脑干出血外科手术干预的研究进展

Research progress on surgical intervention for primary brainstem hemorrhage

原发性脑干出血(PBSH)是出血性脑卒中最致命的亚型,具有发病突然、进展迅速、致残和致死率极高的特点。目前国内外对于PBSH的外科手术干预指征及手术方式选择存在分歧。随着对脑干手术安全区解剖入路的不断探索,以及神经成像、显微外科、神经导航、神经内镜、术中监测和神经康复等领域新技术和设备的进步,外科干预正逐渐成为治疗PBSH颇具潜力的方法之一。本文从PBSH的临床评估、手术指征、手术方式以及效果预测等方面展开综述,以期为PBSH的临床诊治提供参考。

Primary brainstem hemorrhage(PBSH)is the most lethal subtype of hemorrhagic stroke,characterized by abrupt onset,rapid progression,extremely high rates of disability and death.Currently,there is controversy both domestically and internationally regarding the indications for surgical intervention and the choice of surgical methods for PBSH.With the continuous exploration of anatomical access to safe brainstem surgical areas and the advancement of new techniques and equipment in the fields of neuroimaging,microsurgery,neuronavigation,neuroendoscopy,intraoperative monitoring and neurorehabilitation,surgical intervention is gradually emerging as a promising approach in the treatment of PBSH.This article provides a comprehensive review of PBSH,covering aspects such as clinical assessment,surgical indications,surgical methods,and outcome prediction,aiming to offer insights for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of PBSH.