公共图书馆的定义与性质——关于《中华人民共和国公共图书馆法》的几点思考

Definition and Nature of the Public Library: An Analysis of the Public Libraries Law of the People's Republic of China

以国际图书馆协会联合会和联合国教科文组织确定的国际公认的公共图书馆定义为参照,采用文本比较分析的方法,从学理和法理两个方面分析探讨《中华人民共和国公共图书馆法》第二条所涉及的公共图书馆定义和性质发现,将公共图书馆定义为公共文化设施存在以偏概全的逻辑错误,其逻辑错误根源为《公共图书馆服务规范》(GB/T 28220—2011)对公共图书馆的定义,并且还存在前期征求意见文本遗留的错误,如保留了“公民、法人或者其他组织设立的公共图书馆”和“政府设立的公共图书馆”,建议将来予以修改。

Based on the internationally recognized definition of public libraries established by the IFLA and UNESCO,and using the method of text comparative analysis,this paper analyzes and explores the definition and nature of public libraries referred to in Article 2 of the Public Libraries Law of the People's Republic of China from both theoretical and legal perspectives.It is found that there is a logical error in defining public libraries as public cultural facilities that is biased and generalized.The root cause of its logical error lies in the definition of public libraries in the Public Library Service Standards(GB/T 28220-2011),and there are still errors left over from the previous solicitation text,such as retaining"public libraries established by citizens,legal persons or other organizations"and"public libraries established by the government".It recommends to making modifications in the future.