物质文化视角下妈祖信仰的发展与演变

Development and Evolution of Mazu Belief from the Perspective of Material Culture

文章以田野调查笔记与文献资料为基础,考察妈祖信仰的物质文化发展脉络,进一步揭示了现代妈祖信仰的物质化机制与发展策略。历史上,人们在交换、展示、崇拜的物品以及改造和建造的空间中表达其宗教感受,形成物质文化。一方面,宗教信仰以物质文化的形式外化;另一方面,物质文化也以其承载的集体记忆和灵性精神支撑宗教信仰、构建宗教历史。在现代,物质载体的内涵和形式趋于多样化,纪念品与文创产品的兴起促进了香客和游客的流动,也承载着信仰者与非信仰者、信仰文化与实体表达之间的关系,对当地社会和经济产生持续效益,成为现代宗教物质化的转折点。本文以湄洲妈祖祖庙为个案,采用跨学科的视角进行分析,以期探讨宗教物质化的当代图景。

This article,based on field investigation notes and literature,examines the developmental context of material culture in Mazu belief,revealing the materialization mechanisms and development strategies of modern Mazu belief.Throughout history,people have expressed their religious sentiments through the exchange,display,worship of items,and the transformation and construction of spaces,forming material culture.On one hand,religious beliefs externalize in the form of material culture;on the other hand,material culture,carrying collective memories,supports spiritual aspects of religious beliefs and constructs religious history.In the modern era,the connotations and forms of material carriers have diversified.The rise of souvenirs and cultural products promotes the mobility of pilgrims and tourists,embodying the relationship between believers and non-believers,as well as the connection between religious culture and tangible expression.This dynamic interaction brings sustained benefits to local society and the economy,marking a turning point in the modern materialization of religion.Using the Mazu Ancestral Temple on Meizhou Island as a case study,this article adopts an interdisciplinary perspective to explore the contemporary landscape of religious materialization.