四逆散药理作用及治疗内科疾病的临床应用研究

Study on Pharmacological Effects of Sini Powder(四逆散)and Its Clinical Application in Treatment of Internal Medicine Disease

四逆散为《伤寒论》中记载的经典名方,至今约有1800年的历史,适用于少阴病症,临床多以手足不温、泄利下重、腹痛、脉弦等为辨证要点,具有透邪解郁、疏肝理脾之功效。中医认为该方剂治疗病症与阳衰阴盛有本质的区别,该证属外邪传经入里,气机为之郁遏,失于疏泄,阳气内郁不能达于四末所致,为阴中涵阳、惟气不宣通而致四肢逆冷。四逆散的应用十分广泛,几乎各系统疾病均可以该方剂为基础方进行辨证施治,尤其是现临床对四逆散的研究更加深入,其药理作用和应用领域也进一步被拓展,可广泛用于治疗胃肠肝胆疾病、精神类疾病、肿瘤疾病等。文章通过分析近年来四逆散的应用文献,总结其药理和治疗作用,为临床对四逆散有更加深入地了解,推动该方剂在临床的进一步开发应用。

Sini Powder(四逆散)is a classic prescription recorded in Treatise on Febrile Diseases.It has a history of about 1800 years.It is applicable to Shaoyin disease.In clinical practice,the syndrome differentiation key points are the lack of warmth in the extremities,tenesmus,abdominal pain and pulse string.It has the effect of expelling evil,relieving depression and soothing liver and spleen.Traditional Chinese medicine believes that there is an essential difference between the treatment of symptoms with this prescription and Yang deficiency and Yin exuberance.This syndrome is caused by the transmission of external evils into the internal channels,the depression of Qi is suppressed,and the depression of Yang cannot reach the end of the four extremities.It is caused by Yin containing Yang,but the cold of limbs is caused by the failure of Qi to release.The application of Sini Powder is very extensive,and almost all system diseases can be treated according to syndrome differentiation based on this prescription.In particular,the current clinical research on Sini Powder is more in-depth,and its pharmacological effects and application fields are further expanded,which can be widely used to treat gastrointestinal,hepatobiliary diseases,mental diseases,tumor diseases,etc.This paper analyzed the application literature of Sini Powder in recent years,summarized its pharmacological and therapeutic effects,and promoted the further development and application of this prescription in clinical practice for a deeper understanding of Sini Powder.