2011—2021年南宁市丙类传染病时空趋势分析

Analysis on spatio-temporal trend of category C infectious diseases in Nanning City from 2011-2021

目的对2011—2021年南宁市各医疗机构报告的丙类传染病进行时空趋势分析,了解南宁市丙类传染病流行特征,为科学制定防控政策提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法和地理信息系统(geographic information system,GIS)空间分析法,掌握2011—2021年南宁市丙类传染病及几种主要传染病的流行特点。结果2011—2021年南宁市共报告丙类传染病10种714533例,占同期全市法定传染病报告数的73.29%,年均发病率873.57/10万;报告死亡66例,年均死亡率0.0807/10万;历年发病趋势呈“横向”波动(P<0.05),4—7月和9—10月是发病高峰,城市发病率高于乡镇,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。主要发病年龄是0~<5岁,占81.64%;职业以散居儿童为主,占62.31%,其次是幼托儿童,占24.45%。发病的主要病种依次为手足口病、其他感染性腹泻、流行性腮腺炎和流行性感冒,年均发病率分别为642.83/10万、123.74/10万、49.52/10万和44.67/10万。结论南宁市丙类传染病需要重点防控手足口病,其次是其他感染性腹泻病,0~3岁儿童是防控的重点对象,幼托机构、中小学校是防控的重点场所。

Objective To analyze the spatio-temporal trend of category C infectious diseases reported by medical institutions in Nanning City from 2011-2021,understand the epidemiological characteristics of category C infectious diseases in Nanning City,provide a basis for scientifically formulating prevention and control policies.Methods The descriptive epidemiological methods and geographic information system(GIS)mapping approaches were used to analyze the characteristics of category C infectious diseases and several major infectious diseases in Nanning City from 2011-2021.Results A total of 714533 cases of 10 kinds of category C infectious diseases were reported in Nanning City from 2011-2021,accounting for 73.29%of the total cases of notifiable infectious diseases in the city during the same period,with an average annual incidence of 873.57/100000.There were 66 deaths,and the average annual mortality rate was 0.0807/100000.The incidence trend showed a"horizontal"fluctuation in the years(P<0.05),and the peaks appeared April to July and September to October.The incidence in urban areas was significantly higher than that in rural areas(P<0.05).The high-incidence population were children aged 0-<5 years old,accounting for 81.64%.The main occupation was scattered children,accounting for 62.31%,followed by the preschool care children,accounting for 24.45%.The high-incidence diseases were hand-foot-mouth disease,other infectious diarrhea,mumps and influenza,with an average annual incidence of 642.83/100000,123.74/100000,49.52/100000 and 44.67/100000,respectively.Conclusion The priority to prevent and control category C infectious diseases in Nanning City should be given to hand-foot-mouth disease,followed by other infectious diarrhea,the children under 3 years old are the major population for prevention and control,and kindergarten institutions,primary and secondary schools are the key fields for prevention and control.