山西省女性乳腺癌防治知信行现状及影响因素研究

Current status of knowledge,attitudes,and practice related to breast cancer prevention and treatment and its influencing factors among women in Shanxi Province

目的 了解山西省女性乳腺癌防治知信行现状并分析其影响因素。方法 采用自行设计的女性健康相关行为调查问卷,对山西省3460名女性进行χ^(2)检验和二元Logistic回归分析,探讨女性乳腺癌防治知信行的影响因素。结果 乳腺癌及早期筛查知识知晓率为80.3%,其影响因素为年龄(OR=0.904)、文化程度(OR=1.273)、职业(OR=1.147)、早餐(OR=1.400)和体育锻炼(OR=1.254)。乳腺癌预防态度积极率为93.6%,其影响因素为婚姻(OR=0.670)、自评健康(OR=1.598)、家人健康(OR=1.516)和吸烟(OR=0.329)。乳房自检率为44.1%,其影响因素为户籍(OR=1.237)、婚姻(OR=1.788)、早餐(OR=1.213)、烹饪(OR=1.107)、饮水(OR=1.299)、体育锻炼(OR=1.335)和人流情况(OR=1.192)。乳腺临床检查率为44.9%,其影响因素为年龄(OR=1.489)、户籍(OR=1.223)、文化程度(OR=1.189)、婚姻(OR=2.999)、家庭人均年收入(OR=1.091)、女性疾病患病情况(OR=1.256)。结论 山西省女性乳腺癌防治知识知晓率良好,预防态度较积极,但乳房自检和乳腺临床检查行为有待提高,需进一步普及乳腺癌防治知信行健康教育,提高山西省女性的乳腺癌防治知信行水平。

Objective To understand the current situation of knowledge,attitudes,and practice related to breast cancer prevention and treatment among women in Shanxi Province and to analyze their influencing factors.Methods A self-designed questionnaire on women′s health-related behaviors was used.χ^(2) test and binary logistic regression analysis were performed among 3460 women in Shanxi Province to explore the influencing factors.Results The knowledge awareness rate of breast cancer and early screening was 80.3%,and its influencing factors were age(OR=0.904),education level(OR=1.273),occupation(OR=1.147),breakfast(OR=1.400)and physical activity(OR=1.254).The rate of positive attitude towards breast cancer prevention was 93.6%,which was influenced by marital status(OR=0.670),self-rated health(OR=1.598),family health(OR=1.516),and smoking(OR=0.329).The breast self-examination rate was 44.1%,and its influencing factors were household registration(OR=1.237),marital status(OR=1.788),breakfast(OR=1.213),cooking(OR=1.107),drinking water(OR=1.299),physical activity(OR=1.335)and abortion status(OR=1.192).The breast clinical examination rate was 44.9%,and its influencing factors were age(OR=1.489),household registration(OR=1.223),education(OR=1.189),marriage(OR=2.999),annual per capita household income(OR=1.091),and prevalence of gynecological disease(OR=1.256).Conclusion The knowledge of breast cancer prevention and treatment among women in Shanxi Province is good,and the attitude toward prevention is more positive.However,the practice of breast self-examination and breast clinical examination needs to be improved.It is necessary to popularize further health education on breast cancer prevention and treatment knowledge and beliefs to improve the level of breast cancer prevention and treatment knowledge and beliefs among women in Shanxi province.