苏州市成人健康状况及影响因素分析

Analysis on health status and its influencing factors among adults in Suzhou City

目的 了解苏州市成人健康状况及其影响因素,为制定居民健康干预策略提供科学依据。方法 采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样设计,使用面对面询问的方式对苏州市18周岁及以上户籍居民开展调查,比较不同人口学特征研究对象的健康差异,使用Logistic回归分析健康影响因素。结果 本研究共纳入研究对象8009例,男女比为1∶1.08。研究人群成人患病率为36.98%,共病率为16.24%。高血压(24.80%)、糖尿病(7.24%)和颈、腰部疾病(5.63%)为危害成人健康的主要病种。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,性别(OR=1.157,95%CI:1.036~1.291)、年龄(OR=7.053,95%CI:5.635~8.829)、城乡(OR=1.347,95%CI:1.207~1.504)、文化程度(OR=2.345,95%CI:1.754~3.134)、家庭人均月收入(OR=1.396,95%CI:1.206~1.616)、吸烟(OR=1.174,95%CI:1.009~1.366)、体育锻炼(OR=1.385,95%CI:1.241~1.546)、静坐(OR=1.223,95%CI:1.087~1.376)、睡眠障碍(OR=2.024,95%CI:1.792~2.286)和焦虑或抑郁(OR=2.510,95%CI:1.857~3.392)均是影响成人健康的因素。结论 应重视成人健康状况,减少可控的危险因素,诸如不吸烟、适量的体育锻炼、避免长期静坐,心理疏导等是改善成人健康状况的有效手段。

Objective To investigate health status and its influencing factors among adults in Suzhou City,and to provide scientific basis for the formulation of health intervention strategies for residents.Methods The design of multistage stratified cluster random sampling was used to investigate the residents aged above 18 years old in Suzhou by face-to-face inquiry.The differences of health status in different demographic characteristics were compared,and the influencing factors were analyzed by logistic regression.Results A total of 8009 subjects were included in this study,with the male/female ratio of 1 ∶1.08.The percentage of resident who had one kind of disease at least was 36.98%,and the percentage of resident who had two kinds of diseases or more was 16.24%.Hypertension(24.80%),diabetes(7.24%) and neck and waist diseases(5.63%) were the main kinds of diseases.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that gender(OR=1.157,95%CI:1.036-1.291),age(OR=7.053,95%CI:5.635-8.829),area(OR=1.347,95%CI:1.207-1.504),education level(OR=2.345,95%CI:1.754-3.134),family per capita monthly income(OR=1.396,95%CI:1.206-1.616),smoking(OR=1.174,95%CI:1.009-1.366),physical exercise(OR=1.385,95%CI:1.241-1.546),meditation(OR=1.223,95%CI:1.087-1.376),sleep disorders(OR=2.024,95%CI:1.792-2.286) and anxiety or depression(OR=2.510,95%CI:1.857-3.392) were associated factors with adult health status.Conclusion Attention should be paid to adult health status,and improving controllable risk factors is effective means to improve adult health status,such as quitting smoking,doing moderate physical exercise,avoiding long-term meditation,and providing psychological counseling.