留守初中生抑郁症状对非自杀性自伤行为影响的纵向研究

Association between depression symptoms and non-suicidal self-injury among the left-behind junior high school students:a longitudinal study

目的 评估留守初中生抑郁症状与非自杀性自伤行为变化趋势,探讨二者发展关系及时序效应。方法 通过多阶段分层整群随机抽样,使用儿童抑郁量表(CDS)和青少年非自杀性自伤评定问卷(ANSAQ),对372名留守初中生进行为期1年的3次纵向调查。结果 留守初中生抑郁症状和非自杀性自伤行为呈线性增长。抑郁初始水平正向预测非自杀性自伤初始水平与增长速率(β=0.473,β=0.577;P<0.01),抑郁增长速率正向预测非自杀性自伤增长速率(β=0.806,P<0.001);交叉滞后回归分析显示:Tn抑郁可正向预测Tn+1非自杀性自伤行为(β=0.365,β=0.322;P<0.001),Tn非自杀性自伤行为不能预测Tn+1抑郁(β=0.117,β=0.094;P>0.05)。结论 留守初中生抑郁症状和非自杀性自伤行为随时间不断增长,抑郁症状是非自杀性自伤的前因变量,抑郁症状可预测非自杀性自伤发生。

Objective To investigate the changing trend,development partnership and timing effect between depression symptoms and non-suicidal self-injury among the left-behind junior high school students.Methods A stratified multi-stage random cluster sampling method was used to conduct a longitudinal survey among 372 left-behind junior high school students,and 3-times follow-up survey was carried out in one year.Children Depression Scale and Adolescent non-suicidal self-injury assessment Questionnaire were used for measurements.Results The depression symptoms and non-suicidal self-injury were linearly increasing among left-behind junior high school students.The initial level of depression positively predicted the initial level and growth rate of non-suicidal self-injury(β=0.473,β=0.577;P<0.01),the growth rate of depression positively predicted growth rate of non-suicidal self-injury(β=0.806,P<0.001).Cross-lagged regression analysis showed that Tn depression significantly predicted Tn+1 non-suicidal self-injury(β=0.365,β=0.322;P<0.001),Tn non-suicidal self-injury had no significant predictive effect on Tn+1 depression(β=0.117,β=0.094;P>0.05).Conclusion The depression symptoms and non-suicidal self-injury is increasing in the left-behind junior high school students over time,depression is the antecedent variable of non-suicidal self-injury,and depression predict non-suicidal self-injury significantly.