外啮合液压齿轮马达输出特性的统一简约式

Unified Compact Formulas of Output Characteristics for External Hydraulic Gear-motors

为正确认识任意侧隙大小/偏置卸荷槽不同类型下齿轮马达的输出特性,基于啮合齿廓/输出特性不同的啮合线区间,以衡量侧隙大小的类型值和双卸荷槽对称线与齿轮副中心线的偏置值为变量,构建出转速/转矩等输出特性的统一简约式。结果表明,输出转速/转矩曲线可以由啮合齿廓的啮合转速/转矩曲线,通过输出特性啮合线区间的截取而直接得到;对称卸荷槽类型下的均值转速最小,均值转矩最大,转速/转矩的脉动系数最小;小侧隙较大的卸荷槽偏置范围和调速/调矩范围更大;小侧隙和对称卸荷槽类型的均值转速更小,均值转矩更大,转速/转矩的脉动系数更小;马达转矩脉动式与齿轮泵流量脉动式完全一致;转矩脉动系数略小于转速脉动系数,大齿数情况下可近似为相等;追求高转速时,应选用大侧隙和卸荷槽极限偏置的类型组合;追求大转矩或高输出脉动质量时,应选用小侧隙和对称卸荷槽的类型组合等。得出的输出特性的获取方法更简单、原理更清晰、形式更简洁、结果更可靠。

In order to correctly understand the output characteristics of gear-motors with different types of backlash sizes/offset unloading slots,a unified simplified formula for output characteristics such as speed/torque is constructed based on the different meshing line intervals of meshing tooth profiles/output characteris-tics,using the type value that measures the backlash size and the offset value between the symmetrical line of the double unloading slots and the centerline of the gear pair as variables.The results show that through the in-terval of the output characteristic meshing-line,the output speed and torque curve can be directly obtained from the speed and torque curve of meshing tooth-profile;under the symmetrical relief-groove type,the average output speed is the smallest,the average torque is the biggest,and the ripple coefficients of the output speed and torque are the smallest;the offset range of the relief-groove and the range of the output speed and torque regulating are larger under small backlash type than large backlash type;with small backlash and symmetrical relief-groove type,the average output speed is smaller,the average output torque is larger,and the ripple coeffi-cient of the output speed and torque is smaller;the torque-ripple coefficient of the gear-motor is completely consistent with the flow-ripple coefficient of the gear-pump;the torque-ripple coefficient is slightly less than the speed-ripple coefficient,and can be approximately equal under the condition of large tooth-number;when high-speed is pursued,the type combination of large backlash and relief groove limit-offset shall be selected;with the pursuit of large torque or high output ripple-quality,the type combination of small backlash and sym-metrical relief-groove shall be selected,etc.It is concluded that the obtaining method of output characteristics is simpler,the principle is clearer,the form is more concise,and the results are more reliable.