浅议苹果无袋栽培技术

A brief discussion on bagging-free cultivation technology of apple

苹果套袋技术对提高果实外观品质效果显著,但由于农村劳动力的匮乏,生产成本不断攀升,生产收益下滑,制约了苹果产业发展。分析了中国苹果生产由套袋栽培转向无袋栽培的发展趋势,苹果无袋栽培的特点;总结了苹果无袋栽培关键技术,包括选择适于当地的砧木与品种,重施有机肥料,合理负载,病虫害绿色防控,选用新型的果袋替代产品如高脂钙膜、生物刺激素、胶体复配制剂等。

Apple bagging technology has a remarkable effect on improving the appearance quality of fruit.However,due to the lack of rural labor,production costs are rising,and production income is declining,which restricts the development of apple industry.The development trend of apple production from bagging cultivation to bagging-free cultivation in China was analyzed,and the characteristics of bagging-free cultivation were carried out.The key techniques to promote bagging-free cultivation of apple were summarized,including selection of local suitable rootstocks and varieties,application more organic fertilizer,reasonable load of fruit trees,green control of pests and diseases,selection of new fruit bag substitute products,such as high-fat calcium film,biostimulant hormone,colloid compound preparations,etc.