尼帕病毒的研究进展

Advancements in Nipah Virus

尼帕病毒(Nipah virus,NiV)是一种由蝙蝠传播的人畜共患病病毒,于1999年在马来西亚首次被发现,此后在南亚和东南亚地区引发了数次疫情,造成了严重的经济损失和人员伤亡。尼帕病毒具有高度传染性,可通过受感染的动物或人在人群中传播,引起严重的神经系统和呼吸系统疾病,病死率高。本文就尼帕病毒的病毒特性、流行病学、临床症状、实验室检测、预防控制等内容进行阐述,为国境口岸尼帕病毒的疫情防控提供参考。

Nipah virus(NiV),a zoonotic virus transmitted by bats,was first identified in Malaysia in 1999 and caused outbreaks in other regions of South and Southeast Asia,resulting in severe economic losses and human deaths.NiV is highly contagious and spreads among people through infected animals or other infected people,causing severe and fatal neurological and respiratory diseases with a high mortality rate.This paper discusses the characteristics,epidemiology,clinical symptoms,laboratory diagnosis,prevention and control of Nipah virus to provide reference for epidemic prevention and control of Nipah virus at frontier ports.