三峡库区(重庆段)乡村地名文化景观的空间分布特征及成因

Spatial Distribution and Genesis of the Cultural Landscape of Village Names in the Chongqing Section of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area of China

地名体现鲜明的地方特色,承载丰富的文化内涵。开展乡村地名研究对多民族融合地区的乡土文化传承具有重要的现实意义。目前多民族融合的水系流域乡村地名空间分布特征及影响因素研究相对较为缺乏。本文以三峡库区(重庆段)乡村地名为研究对象,综合运用数理统计、平均最邻近距离、核密度估计法分析其空间分布特征及成因。研究表明:(1)乡村地名分布呈现空间集聚特征。自然景观类乡村地名密度呈现东北和西南高、中部低的空间格局;以地形、水文、生物等命名的乡村地名主要分布于库区东北部山区及西南部海拔较低的平坦地区;地理方位类和颜色类乡村地名主要呈点状分布。(2)人文景观类乡村地名集聚分布范围较广且空间差异明显。数字类和人工建筑类乡村地名主要分布于库区东北部山区及西南部城区;军事活动类和历史政治类乡村地名集聚于西南部海拔较低的主城区;姓氏类和园林景观类乡村地名集中分布于东北部山区;美愿与纪念类和多民族文化类乡村地名空间分布基本一致。(3)乡村地名是地形地貌、水文特征、生物资源、经济发展、历史传承、民族文化等因素共同作用的产物。该研究可为三峡库区的多民族融合发展、乡土文化传承等研究提供科学参考。

A village name usually give a direct expression of local heritage with rich cultural connotations.Unfortunately,there was little knowledge of the spatial distribution and genesis of village names in multi-ethnic settlements built in the proximity of river basins in southeastern China.It is of great practical significance to trace village name for the inheritance of local culture in multi-ethnic districts.In this study,it disclosed the genesis of the name of villages situated along the Chongqing section of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area of China.Mathematical statistics,average nearest neighbor index and kernel density estimation were used to delineate the spatial arrangement of cultural landscape of village names and its features.(1)The distribution of village names in the Chongqing section of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area presented a pattern of spatial agglomeration.Village names,which were entitled by natural landscape showed a spatial pattern of high density in the northeast and southwest areas,but low density in the central area.Village names referred to topography,hydrology and biology were mainly distributed in the northeast mountainous areas of the Reservoir area and the southwest urban area where the elevation was relatively low.Some village names designated by geographical features and colour scattered.(2)Village names with human landscape attributes spread over a large areas of the Reservoir area,with distinct spatial differences.Village names in connection with digital and artificial buildings were mainly located in the northeast mountainous areas and southwest urban areas of the Reservoir area.Village names involved with military,political and historical stuff clustered in the southwest urban areas with relatively low elevation.Village names were named after anthroponym or landscape,which tended to centralize in the northeast mountainous areas.The spatial distribution of village names with memorial inclusive was basically consistent with those of multi-ethnic cultural villages.(3)Village names in the Reservoir area inherits the very essences of local natural attributes,e.g.geomorphology,hydrology,biology resources,as well as local socio-economic settings such as economic development,social change,historical heritage and national culture.This study provides scientific reference for multi-ethnic integration development and local culture inheritance in the Three Gorges Reservoir area.