花生与坚果过敏的机制、管理措施及食品工业应对策略研究进展

Research progress on the mechanism,management measures,and food industry response strategies of Arachis hypogaea and nut allergies

花生和坚果是全球各种美食中不可或缺的一部分,但它们却是最常见的食物致敏原之一,过敏反应从轻微的症状(如荨麻疹和腹痛)到严重的过敏反应(如呼吸困难、血压突然下降和意识丧失)。花生和坚果过敏的患病率在全世界范围内以惊人的速度增长,成为一个重大的公共卫生问题。花生和坚果的过敏问题需要采取多学科方法来解决,需要持续研究免疫机制、制定预防策略以及改进食品加工工艺。本文概述了花生和坚果中的主要致敏原,以及其引发的复杂免疫反应,探讨了检测和治疗花生和坚果过敏方面取得的进展,以及旨在降低过敏风险的食品加工和标签实践的不断发展。本文旨在为花生和坚果过敏患者以及食品加工行业提供借鉴,为花生和坚果过敏的预防和诊断提供参考。

Arachis hypogaea and tree nuts are indispensable components of various cuisines worldwide,yet they are among the most common food allergens.Allergic reactions range from mild symptoms such as urticaria and abdominal pain to severe allergic responses including respiratory distress,sudden blood pressure drop,and loss of consciousness.The prevalence of Arachis hypogaea and nut allergies is increasing at an alarming rate globally,becoming a significant public health concern.Addressing the allergy issues associated with Arachis hypogaea and tree nuts requires a multidisciplinary approach,involving ongoing research into immune mechanisms,development of prevention strategies,and improvement in food processing techniques.This paper provided an overview of the main allergens in Arachis hypogaea and tree nuts and the complex immune reactions they trigger.It explored advances in the detection and treatment of Arachis hypogaea and tree nut allergies,as well as the continual development of food processing and labeling practices aimed at reducing allergy risks.This article aimed to serve as a reference for individuals with Arachis hypogaea and tree nut allergies and the food processing industry,contributing to the prevention and diagnosis of these allergies.