3种功能食品原料提取物毒性研究及安全性评价

Toxicity study and safety evaluation of extracts from 3 kinds of functional food raw materials

目的 研究3种功能食品原料(红景天、五味子和蜂花粉)醇/醇水提取物毒性并评价其安全性。方法 利用小鼠急性毒性实验、遗传毒性实验(小鼠骨髓细胞微核实验、雄性小鼠精子畸形实验)和大鼠30 d喂养实验对3种提取物的毒性进行考察。结果 小鼠对红景天、五味子和蜂花粉提取物的最大耐受量都大于20 g/(kg·bw);3种提取物在遗传毒性实验均呈阴性反应;给予大鼠5.0 g/(kg·bw)红景天、五味子、蜂花粉提取物(分别相当于成人日推荐量250倍、250倍、500倍)连续灌胃30d,大鼠生长正常,无中毒症状、异常症状和死亡,各试食组动物体重、进食量、饲料利用率、血常规指标、常见血液生化指标、脏器重量以及病理组织学等指标与阴性对照组比较,无毒性反应。结论 红景天、五味子、蜂花粉提取物属无毒物质,无遗传毒性和长期毒性。本研究为以红景天、五味子和蜂花粉提取物为原料的功能食品开发和应用提供了一定的安全性依据。

Objective To study the toxicity and safety of alcohol/alcohol water extracts from 3 kinds of functional food raw materials(Rhodiola,Schisandra and bee pollen).Method The toxicity of the extracts were investigated using acute toxicity tests,genetic toxicity tests(bone marrow micronucleus test,sperm malformation test)in mice and 30 day feeding tests in rats.The maximum tolerable dose of mice to extracts of Rhodiola,Schisandra and bee pollen were all greater than 20 g/(kg∙bw).The genotoxicity tests of 3 kinds of extracts were negative in genetic toxicity tests.Rats were gavaged 5.0 g/(kg∙bw)Rhodiola,Schisandra and bee pollen extract(equivalent to 250 times,250 times and 500 times the recommended daily dose for adults,respectively)for 30 days,and the rats grew normally,without poisoning symptoms,abnormal symptoms and death.Compared with the negative control group,there was no toxic reaction in body weight,feed intake,feed utilization,blood routine index,common blood biochemical index,organ weight and histopathology.Conclusion Rhodiola,Schisandra and bee pollen extracts are non-toxic substances with no genetic or long-term toxicity.This study provides a safety basis for the development and application of functional foods of Rhodiola,Schisandra and bee pollen.