植物类囊体主要膜脂及其生物合成

The Major Membrane Lipids in Plant Thylakoids and Their Biosynthesis

叶绿体是绿色植物进行光合作用的主要场所,类囊体是叶绿体中膜结构的主要成分。植物类囊体膜上分布着多种色素蛋白复合物和脂质。其中脂质成分约一半是糖脂质,主要包括单半乳糖甘油二酯、双半乳糖甘油二酯和硫代异鼠李糖甘油二酯。磷脂在类囊体膜中的占比很小,主要成分为磷脂酰甘油。光合作用相关的大多数色素蛋白复合物都镶嵌在排列规则的极性脂上,这些膜脂对植物光合作用和生长发育至关重要。深入了解原核/真核生物类囊体膜中主要脂质的结构、功能及其生物合成,有助于阐明光合作用光能及物质转化的调控机理,为植物类囊体膜脂研究提供理论依据。

Chloroplast is the main place for photosynthesis of green plants,and thylakoid is the key component of the membrane structure in the chloroplast.Various protein complexes and lipids are distributed on the plant thylakoid membrane.About half of the lipid components are glycolipids,mainly including monogalactosyldiacylglycerol,digalactosyldiacylglycerol,and sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol.The proportion of phospholipid in the membrane is very low,and the main phospholipid component is phosphatidylglycerol.Most protein complexes of photosynthesis are embedded in regularly arrranged polar lipids.These membrane lipids are essential for plant photosynthesis and growth.A comprehensive knowledge on the structure and function of the major lipids in thylakoid membranes in prokaryotes or eukaryotes and their biosynthesis will help our further study in understanding of the mechanism of photosynthesis light energy and substance conversion,and provide theoretical basis for the study of membrane lipids in plant thylakoids.