“三改联动”背景下火电机组振动故障的新特征及对策

New Characteristics and Countermeasures of Vibration Faults in Thermal Power Units under the Background of“Three Reforms and Linkages”

火电机组“三改联动”过程中,新技术的广泛应用,极端工况的累积效应,以及运行方式的多样化需求,使得设备的振动问题更加突出。为此,针对火电机组的转子窜动、叶片断裂、质量不平衡、结构共振、动静碰摩、裂纹、热弯曲、汽流激振、联轴器松动、叶片通过频率振动等十种常见故障,在“三改联动”后出现的新特征进行剖析与总结,并据此给出相关的振动处理对策与工程案例,为火电机组在新形势下的安全运行提供参考,给电厂创造更大的经济和社会效益。

In the process of"three reforms and linkage"for thermal power generation units,the widespread application of new technologies,the cumulative effects of extreme operating conditions,and the diverse needs of operating modes have made the vibration problem of equipment more prominent.For this reason,the new features that have emerged after the“three reforms and linkage”of ten common faults in thermal power units are analyzed and summarized,including rotor series motion,blade fracture,mass imbalance,structural resonance,dynamic static friction,cracks,thermal bending,steam flow excitation,coupling looseness,and blade frequency vibration.Based on this,relevant vibration treatment strategies and engineering cases are provided.These can provide reference for the safe operation of thermal power units in the new situation,and create greater economic and social benefits for power plants.