喉癌术后气管切开患者下呼吸道感染的易感因素与预防效果分析

Analysis of susceptibility factors and prevention effect of lower respiratory tract infection in postoperative tracheotomy patients with laryngeal cancer

目的 分析导致喉癌术后气管切开患者发生下呼吸道感染的易感因素并提出预防对策。方法 选择2021年11月~2022年11月期间在本院进行喉癌手术治疗并进行气管切开处理的100例患者,根据是否发生下呼吸道感染,将20例发生下呼吸道感染的患者设为研究组,将80例未发生下呼吸道感染的患者设为对照组。对比两组患者一般资料,通过单因素分析法和多因素Logistics回顾分析法分析导致喉癌术后气管切开患者发生下呼吸道感染的易感因素。结果 单因素分析法指出,病理分型、肿瘤分期、手术方式、手术时间、胃管留置与否、呼吸机使用与否、术后使用抗菌药物与否、是否合并肺部疾病属于易感因素。多因素Logistics回顾分析法指出,肿瘤分期、手术方式、手术时间、胃管留置与否、术后使用抗菌药物与否、是否合并肺部疾病则属于主要易感因素。结论 临床应针对手术时间、术后使用抗菌药物与否等易感因素进行相应的护理,以预防喉癌术后气管切开患者发生下呼吸道感染。

Objective To analyze the susceptibility factors leading to the occurrence of lower respiratory tract infection in postoperative tracheotomy patients with laryngeal cancer and to propose preventive measures.Methods 1oo patients who underwent surgical treatment for laryngeal cancer and postoperative tracheotomy treatment in our hospital between November 2021 and November 2022 were selected.20 patients who developed lower respiratory tract infection were set as the study group and 80 patients who did not develop lower respiratory tract infection were set as the control group according to whether lower respiratory tract infection occurred.The general data of patients in the two groups were compared,and the susceptibility factors leading to the occurrence of lower respiratory tract infection in postoperative tracheotomy patients with laryngeal cancer were analyzed by single-factor analysis and multi-factor Logistics retrospective analysis.Results Univariate analysis indicated that pathological staging,tumor stage,operation mode,operation time,gastric tube placement,ventilator use,postoperative antibacterial drugs,and pulmonary disease were the susceptibility factors.The multifactorial Logistics retrospective analysis indicated that tumor stage,surgical method,surgical time,gastric tube placement,postoperative antimicrobial use,and whether pulmonary diseases were combined were the main susceptibility factors.Conclusion Clinical care should be provided for susceptibility factors such as operation time and postoperative use of antibacterial drugs to prevent lower respiratory tract infection in postoperative tracheotomy patients with laryngeal cancer.