努斯鲍姆能力理论及其对家庭正义的发展

Nussbaum’s Capability Approach and its Development for Family Justice

努斯鲍姆能力理论是一种关于生活品质评估和社会正义理论工作的方法。它始终遵循一个原则,即把每一个人当作目的,关注每一个人可以得到的机会。其通过设定十项核心能力清单建立最低能力门槛,以使人过上一种有尊严的生活。能力理论对家庭正义的发展具有重大意义,其认为家庭正义面临的重要问题即是性别正义问题。能力理论承诺跨文化的正义、平等及权利规范,而且对地方特殊性和环境塑造选择、信念及偏好的诸种方式也具有敏感性。能力门槛观念实质上是对政府提出了一种要求,即关于公民生活质量的一种核心宪法原则。

Martha C.Nussbaum’s capability approach is a method to quality-of-life assessment and social justice theory,which is guided by the principle of treating each person as an end in itself and focusing on the opportunities available to each person.It establishes a minimum threshold of capability through a list of 10 core capabilities to enable people to live a life of dignity.Capabilities approach is of great significance to the development of family justice,recognizing that gender justice is an important issue facing family justice.Capabilities approach is committed to cross-cultural norms of justice,equality and rights and is sensitive to the ways in which local particularities and circumstances shape choices,beliefs and preferences.The notion of a threshold of competence is essentially a demand on government,namely a core constitutional principle regarding the quality of life of its citizens.