论行政处罚过错推定条款的理解与完善

On the Understanding and Perfection of the Provisions on Presumption of Fault in the Administrative Punishment

2021年新修订的《行政处罚法》第三十三条第二款新增了关于行政处罚主观过错内容的规定,即“行政处罚过错推定条款”,意味着在行政处罚的实施中考虑主观要素为立法所确认,但条款过于抽象,特别是“足以证明”的标准认定和关于“另有规定”的理解存在较大争议。完善建议:(一)基于处罚种类不同区分适用归责方式;(二)对“另有规定”原则进行适当限制,并逐步减少直至最终取消。

,especially determination of the standard of“enough to prove”and the understanding of“otherwise provided by law”,all of which are highly controversial.The suggestions for improvement are:(1)differentiating the methods of attribution of responsibility based on the differences of the type of punishment;(2)limiting appropriately the principle of“otherwise provided by law”and reduce it gradually until eliminate it finally.