公共政策社会共识的生成路径--以“延迟退休”议题的话语互动为例

Research on the Generation Path of Social Consensus in Public Policy--Taking the Discourse Interaction on the Issue of“Delayed Retirement”as an Example

社会共识的生成不但需要物我感通,而且也离不开以话语互动为基础的人我沟通。话语互动虽然不能构建事理,但可以发现各种意见的偏颇,从而消除隔阂、显现事理,实现从意见到事理、从事理到共识的转变。围绕着延迟退休议题的话语互动,是公共政策社会沟通的典型案例。该议题在网络话语空间经历了争论期、激辩期、转折期、再议期、共识期五个阶段,论辩主题从延迟退休是否合理转向怎样公正、合理、适时地延迟退休,历时十余年,最终在原则及时机之上形成了基本共识。这种共识的生成不是相互妥协的结果,而是解除主观障蔽,彰显公共议题本然之理的过程。

The generation of social consensus not only requires mutual understanding between things and individuals,but also relies on interpersonal communication based on discourse interaction.Although discourse interaction cannot construct truth,it can discover the biases of various opinions,so as to eliminate barriers,reveal truth,and achieve a transformation from opinion to truth,and from truth to consensus.The discourse interaction surrounding the issue of delayed retirement is a typical case of public policy social communication.This issue has gone through five stages in the online discourse space:debate period,provocation period,turning point period,renegotiation period,and consensus period.The debate topic has shifted from whether delaying retirement is reasonable to how to delay retirement fairly,reasonably,and in a timely manner,lasting for more than ten years.Finally,a basic consensus has been formed based on principles and timing.The generation of this consensus is not the result of mutual compromise,but a process of removing subjective barriers and highlighting the inherent principles of public issues.