乐山方言特殊语气词分析--兼与成都方言比较

Analysis of Unique Interjections in Leshan Dialect:in Comparison with Interjections in Chengdu Dialect

语气词是表达功能语气和意志语气的重要语法手段,研究方言中的语气词有助于突破词汇和语法研究的局限。乐山方言的入声保留相对完整,是四川方言中较为独特的一支。乐山方言语气词与邻近地区语气词有重叠部分,语气词“喂[uei^(21)]”、“吼[həu^(42)]”、“嘞[nei^(21)]”、“喃[nan^(55)]”、“吧喃[pα^(21) nan^(55)]”构成了乐山方言的特殊语气词集合。这些特殊语气词在部分语境下可与成都方言中的语气词相互替换,但在实际使用中仍以特殊语气词为主,在语气表达上,是对说话人主观态度和情绪的细致区分。

Interjections serve as an important grammatical method to express functional and volitional moods.The study of interjections in dialects is helpful to breaking through the limitations of research on vocabulary and grammar.Checked tones in Leshan dialect remain relatively intact and unique in Sichuan dialect.Interjections in Leshan dialect partly overlap those in neighbouring regions.The set of unique interjections in Leshan dialect con⁃sists of such interjections as"喂[uei^(21)]""吼[həu^(42)]""嘞[nei^(21)]""喃[nan^(55)]"and"吧喃[pα^(21) nan^(55)]".These unique interjections can be replaced by interjections in Chengdu dialect in some contexts,but in practice the for⁃mer are preferred to the latter.In terms of tone expression,the unique interjections signify a detailed distinction between the speaker's subjective attitude and his/her emotion.