新精神活性物质药理作用研究进展

Research progress on pharmacological effects of new psychoactive substances

新精神活性物质是近几年开始流行的新型滥用物质,比起传统毒品来说其种类更丰富、化学结构更复杂。新精神活性物质按照药理学作用可分为七大类,除了效果未知的类别,其余的兴奋剂类、合成大麻素受体激动剂类、经典致幻剂类、合成阿片类、身心分离剂类和镇静催眠类都可通过与特异性受体结合从而发挥作用。该文对新精神活性物质的药理作用及其机制进行综述,以期为新精神活性物质的研究提供参考。

As the newly abused drugs,new psychoactive substances(NPS)are more diverse and complex in chemical structure than traditional drugs.According to the pharmacological effects,NPS can be divided into seven categories including stimulants,synthetic opioids,synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists,dissociatives,classic hallucinogens,sedatives/hypnotics and others.Except for those with unknown effects,they all exert pharmacological effects by the interaction with specific receptors.In this paper,the pharmacological effects and mechanism of actions are reviewed in order to provide reference for the research of NPS.