新冠肺炎疫情对国内25家地级市中心血站全血制备成分血的供应影响分析

Analysis of the Influence of the Outbreak of COVID-19 on the Blood Supply of Whole Blood Preparation Components in 25 Central Blood Stations in China

目的分析2017—2022年国内25家地市级中心血站全血制备的成分血供应情况是否受到新冠肺炎疫情的影响。方法采用回顾性研究方法,收集2017—2022年国内25家中心血站红细胞成分血、冰冻血浆、冷沉淀凝血因子、病原体灭活冰冻血浆、调剂红细胞成分血和冰冻血浆的发放数据,根据新冠疫情发生时间(2019年底),将发放数据分为两组,2017年、2018年、2019年为非新冠疫情组(简称非疫情组),2020年、2021年、2022年为新冠疫情组(简称疫情组)。结果2017—2022年,红细胞成分血发放量呈波动增长,2022年>2021年>2019年>2020年>2018年>2017年,2020年较2019年下降19724.12 U,呈负增长(–1.43%),与中心血站显著相关(P<0.05);冰冻血浆发放量呈逐年递增,2022年>2021年>2020年>2019年>2018年>2017年,与中心血站显著相关(P<0.05);冷沉淀凝血因子发放量基本呈逐年递增,2021年>2022年>2020年>2019年>2018年>2017年,2022年较2021年下降6303.72 U,呈负增长(–1.54%),与中心血站显著相关(P<0.05)。2020—2022年,病原体灭活冰冻血浆发放量呈波动增长;年度同比增长率2021年呈负增长,2022年呈正增长;调剂红细胞成分血发放量呈逐年递减,年度同比增长率呈负增长;调剂冰冻血浆发放量呈逐年递减,年度同比增长率呈负增长。结论国内25家中心血站全血制备成分血的供应情况地区差异大,受新冠疫情的影响程度亦不同,总体上对2020年的供应能力影响最显著,血液调剂是新冠疫情期间保证血液供应的措施之一。

Objective To analyze whether the supply data of component blood from 25 central blood stations in China was affected by the COVID-19 during 2017 to 2022.Methods The distribution data of red blood cell components,frozen plasma,cryoprecipitate,pathogen inactivation frozen plasma,adjusted red blood cell components,and adjusted frozen plasma from 25 central blood stations in China during 2017—2022 was collected retrospectively.Based on the outbreak time of COVID-19,the distribution data of 2017—2019 was the non-COVID-19 group(referred to as the non-COVID-19 group),and that of 2020-2022 was the COVID-19 group(referred to as the COVID-19 group).Results The distribution amount of red blood cell components increased during 2017 to 2022,namely 2022>2021>2019>2020>2018>2017.There was a decrease of 19724.12 U from 2019 to 2020,the showing a negative annual growth rate(–1.43%)in 2020,which was significantly correlated with central blood stations(P<0.05).The distribution amount of frozen plasma increased during 2017 to 2022,namely 2022>2021>2020>2019>2018>2017,which was significantly correlated with central blood stations(P<0.05).The distribution of cryoprecipitate basically increased during 2017 to 2022,namely 2021>2022>2020>2019>2018>2017.There was a decrease of 6303.72 U from 2021 to 2022,showing a negative annual growth rate(–1.54%)in 2020,which was significantly correlated with central blood stations(P<0.05).The distribution amount of pathogen inactivation frozen plasma increased during 2020 to 2022;the annual growth rate was negative in 2021 and positive in 2022.The distribution amount of adjusted red blood cell components decreased, and the annual growth rate was negative;the distribution amount of adjustedfrozen plasma decreased, and the annual growth rate was negative. Conclusion There were significant regional differencesin the supply of whole-blood-prepared component blood from the 25 central blood stations in China, and there were differentimpact degrees by the COVID-19. In general, it had the most significant impact on the supply capacity in 2020. Blood redistributionwas one of the measures to ensure blood supply during the COVID-19 epidemic.