我国地方政府数据开放政策的注意力配置及优化研究

Research on the Attention Allocation and Optimization of Local Government Data Opening Policy in China

[目的/意义]旨在探究我国政府数据开放政策的注意力配置情况及不足,进而优化政策制定。[方法/过程]基于2013—2022年我国省级政府发布的98份数据开放政策文本,运用NVivo 11和ROST CM 6.0软件分析注意力配置情况。[结果/结论]总体上我国地方政府数据开放政策注意力呈现初级开放阶段(2015年以前)、重视利用阶段(2016—2019年)、深度利用阶段(2020年至今)的演变特征;政策工具的使用存在不均衡现象;政策主题主要集中于数据开放与建设、数据安全与保障、数据利用与发展层面,在不同层面政府偏好使用不同的政策工具。在政策工具的使用中,应强化需求型政策工具的使用比例,提高政策科学性;优化政策工具的内部使用结构,创新政策要素;深化数据质量类别的工具使用,克服供给困境。

[Purpose/significance]This paper aims to explore the attention allocation and shortcomings of the government’s data opening policy in China,and then optimize the policy formulation.[Method/process]Based on 98 data opening policy texts issued by provincial governments in China from 2013 to 2022,this paper uses NVivo 11 and ROST CM 6.0 software to analyze the attention allocation.[Result/conclusion]In general,the attention of China’s local government data opening policy presents the evolution characteristics of the primary opening stage(before 2015),the emphasis on utilization stage(2016—2019),and the deep utilization stage(2020—present);there is an imbalance in the use of policy tools;the policy themes mainly focus on data opening and construction,data security and protection,data utilization and development,and the government prefers to use different policy tools at different levels.In the use of policy tools,we should strengthen the proportion of demand-based policy tools and improve the scientific nature of policies;optimize the internal use structure of policy tools and innovate policy elements;deepen the use of tools for data quality categories and overcome the supply dilemma.