中美交通数据开放现状调查及启示——以中美6个城市公共数据开放平台为例

Survey on Status Quo of Transportation Data Open in China and the USA and Its Enlightenment:Case Study of Public Data Open Platforms in 6 Cities in China and the USA

[目的/意义]公共交通数据的开放程度对我国交通运输事业、社会经济发展以及智慧交通建设具有重要意义。[方法/过程]从政策法规、交通数据集数量及数据来源、交通数据内容建设、交通数据元数据、交通数据下载格式及API设置情况、交通数据创新利用、交通数据获取方式、互动交流情况等方面,详细比较分析中美6个城市公共交通开放数据建设现状、应用现状和用户体验现状。[结果/结论]发现我国公共交通数据开放存在的主要问题,借鉴美国经验提出适用于我国国情的改善策略:完善交通数据相关政策,提高交通数据数量;充分发挥交通数据价值,改善数据下载格式;重视以人为本,扩展交流平台;制定统一标准,补齐建设短板。

[Purpose/significance]The openness of public transportation data is of great significance to transportation industry,social and economic development and intelligent transportation construction in China.[Method/process]From the aspects of policies and regulations,the number of transportation data set and data source,the construction of transportation data content,transportation data metadata,transportation data download format and API settings,transportation data innovation and utilization,transportation data acquisition methods,interaction and communication,the paper compares and analyses the construction status,application status and user experience status of public transportation open data in six cities in China and the USA in detail.[Result/conclusion]This paper finds the main problems in the public transportation data open in China,and puts forward the improvement strategies suitable for China’s national conditions based on the experience of the USA:improving the related policies of transportation data and increasing the number of transportation data;giving full play to the value of transportation data and improving data download format;paying attention to people-oriented and expanding the communication platform;formulating unified standards and making up for weaknesses in construction.