列宁社会主义国家观的历史生成及其现实启示

The Historical Generation of Lenin’s Concept of Socialist State and Its Realistic Enlightenment

列宁社会主义国家观是对马克思和恩格斯国家观的赓续与发展,其主要内容包括:无产阶级专政是维护无产阶级根本利益的重要保障、“国家—社会”要实现有机统一均衡的治理格局、以社会的全面发展为主要目标。列宁社会主义国家观生成经历了四个阶段:十月革命前对资本主义国家的批判、苏维埃政权初建时期对国家管理的初步思考、通过制定有效举措探索社会主义国家管理。围绕“由谁领导”“谁来治理”“如何治理”的生成逻辑,列宁社会主义国家观对中国治理的启示体现在:推进新时代的中国之治需着眼于对列宁社会主义国家观的创新性运用,推进中国式现代化发展要持续完善国家治理制度、促进全体人民实现共同富裕要探索富有中国特色的治理方案。

Lenin’s concept of socialist state is the continuation and development of Marx and Engels’view of state.Its main contents include:the dictatorship of the proletariat is an important guarantee to safeguard the fundamental interests of the proletariat;the“state-society”should realize an organic unified and balanced governance pattern,with the overall development of society as the main goal.Lenin’s concept of socialist state has gone through four stages:the criticism of capitalist countries before the October Revolution,the initial thinking of state management during the initial period of the Soviet regime,the realization of state management through the formulation of effective revolutionary measures and the exploration of socialist state management.Focusing on the generation logic of“who will lead”,“who will govern”and“how to govern”,the enlightenment of Lenin’s socialist state concept on Chinese governance is as follows:to promote the governance of China in the new era,we should focus on the innovative application of Lenin’s socialist state view;to promote the Chinese modernization,we should continue to improve the state governance system and promote the common prosperity of all people,and we should explore governance programs with Chinese characteristics.