摘要
【目的】测定河北省太行山区核桃主栽品种‘辽宁1号’叶片矿质元素并对叶片营养状况进行诊断,为‘辽宁1号’核桃科学施肥提供依据。【方法】测定‘辽宁1号’不同发育阶段叶片中矿质元素含量,以确定叶片营养诊断的采样时间;采用组分营养诊断法(CND)建立核桃叶片营养诊断的元素含量适宜值;运用诊断施肥综合法(L-DRIS)、CND法和适宜值偏差百分数法(DOP)对核桃低产园进行叶片营养诊断,并提供施肥建议。【结果】河北省太行山区‘辽宁1号’核桃叶片营养诊断采集最适时期为8—9月。元素相关性分析显示太行山区核桃叶片中矿质元素之间主要存在相互协同作用,K和Mg之间存在较强的拮抗作用。基于CND拐点值法将产量3.64 t·hm^(-2)选择为划分核桃高产果园的临界值,由高产果园确定的太行山区核桃叶片矿质元素含量适宜值范围为:N(13.04—17.04)g·kg^(-1)、P(0.67—1.23)g·kg^(-1)、K(5.94—10.64)g·kg^(-1)、Ca(15.64—22.16)g·kg^(-1)、Mg(3.80—6.62)g·kg^(-1)、Cu(5.14—8.48)mg·kg^(-1)、Fe(437.38—794.58)mg·kg^(-1)、Mn(126.94—172.02)mg·kg^(-1)、Zn(14.59—34.25)mg·kg^(-1)。用L-DRIS法、CND法以及DOP法对河北省太行山区核桃低产园进行营养诊断得到的叶片矿质元素含量丰缺状况有所差异,其中L-DRIS法与CND法诊断结果一致性更高。综合3种营养诊断方法得到河北省太行山区核桃低产园的需肥顺序为:K>P>N>Zn>Mn>Ca>Fe>Mg>Cu。【结论】河北省太行山区核桃低产园施肥时建议以K元素为主,配施N、P两种矿质元素,同时避免Mg、Cu元素过量施入。
【Objective】The mineral element content in leaves of Liaoning 1 walnut in Taihang Mountain area of Hebei Province were determined and the nutritional status of leaves were diagnosed,so as to provide the basis for scientific fertilization for Liaoning 1.【Method】The content of mineral elements in Liaoning 1 leaves at different developmental stages were measured to determine the sampling time of leaf nutritional diagnosis.Component nutritional diagnosis(CND)method was used to establish the standard values of element contents for the nutritional diagnosis of Liaoning 1.The diagnosis and recommendation integrated system(L-DRIS),CND,and deviation from optimum percentage(DOP)methods were used to diagnose the leaf nutritional status in low-yielding orchards to provide fertilization strategies.【Result】The suitable period for leaf nutritional diagnosis of Liaoning 1 in Taihang Mountains of Hebei province from August to September.Correlation analysis showed that the mineral elements in Liaoning 1 leaves from Taihang Mountain area mainly had synergistic effects,and there was strong antagonistic interaction between K and Mg.Based on the CND analysis,the yield of 3.64 t·hm^(-2)was selected as the yield cutoff value of high-yielding orchards.The optimal values of mineral element content determined by high-yielding orchards were N(13.04-17.04)g·kg^(-1),P(0.67-1.23)g·kg^(-1),K(5.94-10.64)g·kg^(-1),Ca(15.64-22.16)g·kg^(-1),Mg(3.80-6.62)g·kg^(-1),Cu(5.14-8.48)mg·kg^(-1),Fe(437.38-794.58)mg·kg^(-1),Mn(126.94-172.02)mg·kg^(-1),and Zn(14.59-34.25)mg·kg^(-1).There were differences in the abundance and deficiency of mineral elements in Liaoning 1 leaves of low-yielding orchards obtained through L-DRIS,CND,and DOP methods,and the diagnosis results of L-DRIS and CND methods were more consistent.The fertilization order of low-yielding orchards in Taihang Mountain of Hebei province was K>P>N>Zn>Mn>Ca>Fe>Mg>Cu.【Conclusion】It was suggested that K should be the main fertilizer,combined with N and P,while excessive applications of Mg and Cu should be avoided in low-yielding orchards.
作者
安秀红
孙妍
王芳
冯启科
王宁
李津津
张俊佩
王红霞
AN XiuHong;SUN Yan;WANG Fang;FENG QiKe;WANG Ning;LI JinJin;ZHANG JunPei;WANG HongXia(Technology Innovation Center for Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Hebei Province,National Engineering Research Center for Agriculture in Northern Mountainous Areas,Mountainous Areas Research Institute of Hebei Province,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,Hebei;Research Institute of Forestry Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091)
出处
《中国农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第6期1153-1166,共14页
Scientia Agricultura Sinica
基金
国家重点研发计划(2022YFD2200402)
河北省重点研发计划(21326352D)
河北农业大学引进人才科研专项(YJ2021006)。
关键词
核桃
营养诊断
CND法
含量适宜值
walnut
nutritional diagnosis
CND method
optimal values